Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/siniz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*senaz, *sinaz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“of last year, old”). Cognate with Lithuanian sẽnas (“old, previous, ancient”), Latin senex (“old, aged, advanced in years; old man”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsi.niz/

Adjective

*siniz

old

Inflection

Declension of *siniz (i-stem)

strong declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*siniz	*sinjai	*sinī	*sinjôz	sinį, -jatō	*sinjō
accusative	*sinjanǭ	*sinjanz	*sinjǭ	*sinjōz	sinį, -jatō	*sinjō
genitive	sinjas, sinis	*sinjaizǫ̂	*sinjaizōz	*sinjaizǫ̂	sinjas, sinis	*sinjaizǫ̂
dative	*sinjammai	*sinjaimaz	*sinjaizōi	*sinjaimaz	*sinjammai	*sinjaimaz
instrumental	*sinjanō	*sinjaimiz	*sinjaizō	*sinjaimiz	*sinjanō	*sinjaimiz

weak declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*sinjô	*sinjaniz	*sinjǭ	*sinjōniz	*sinjô	*sinjōnō
accusative	*sinjanų	*sinjanunz	*sinjōnų	*sinjōnunz	*sinjô	*sinjōnō
genitive	*sininiz	*sinjanǫ̂	*sinjōniz	*sinjōnǫ̂	*sininiz	*sinjanǫ̂
dative	*sinini	*sinjammaz	*sinjōni	*sinjōmaz	*sinini	*sinjammaz
instrumental	*sininē	*sinjammiz	*sinjōnē	*sinjōmiz	*sininē	*sinjammiz

Descendants

Old English: sine-, sin- (prefix)
- Middle English: sin-, sen- (prefix)
  - Engliish: sengreen (in one compound)
Old Frisian: sin, sin-
Old Saxon: sin, sin-
Old Frankish: *sini-, *sene-; *Sinigus (personal name)
- Middle Latin: senescalcus, seniscalcus
Old High German: *sene-, sin-
- Middle High German: sëneschalt; senwurz
Old Norse: sina; sí-
- Icelandic: sina
- Norwegian: sina (dialectal)
- Swedish: sina (dialectal)
Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs); 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰 (sinista); 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌺𐍃 (siniskalks)