Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sindraz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sendʰro- (“coagulating fluid, scale, dross”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic сядра (sjadra, “lime cinder, gypsum”), Serbo-Croatian седра (sedra, “calcareous incrustation, tuff”).

Noun

*sindraz m

(metallurgy) metal slag; dross

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *sindraz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*sindraz	sindrōz, sindrōs
vocative	*sindr	sindrōz, sindrōs
accusative	*sindrą	*sindranz
genitive	sindras, sindris	*sindrǫ̂
dative	*sindrai	*sindramaz
instrumental	*sindrō	*sindramiz

Descendants

Old English: sinder
- Middle English: sinder, cinder
  - Scots: sinder
  - English: cinder
Old Saxon: sinder
- Middle Low German: sinder, sinter, sünder; sindel
  - West Frisian: sindel, sintel
Old Dutch: *sindar
- Middle Dutch: sinder
  - Dutch: sinder (obsolete)
  - Flemish: zinder
Old High German: sindar, sintar; sindir, sintir
- Middle High German: sinder, sinter; sintel
  - German: Sinter
    - English: sinter
  - Middle Dutch: sintel
    - Dutch: sintel
Old Norse: sindr
- Icelandic: sindur
- Old Swedish: sinder
  - Swedish: sinder
- Danish: sinder