Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/samdaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*sandaz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sámh₂dʰos (“sand”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsɑm.dɑz/

Noun

*samdaz m

sand

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *samdaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*samdaz	samdōz, samdōs
vocative	*samd	samdōz, samdōs
accusative	*samdą	*samdanz
genitive	samdas, samdis	*samdǫ̂
dative	*samdai	*samdamaz
instrumental	*samdō	*samdamiz

Descendants

Old English: sand
- Middle English: sand, sande, sond, sonde, saunde
  - Scots: sand
  - English: sand
  - Yola: zoane
Old Frisian: sand
- North Frisian:
  - Föhr: sun
  - Hallig: söön
  - Heligoland: Sun
  - Mooring: sönj
- Saterland Frisian: Sound
- West Frisian: sân
Old Saxon: sand
- Middle Low German: sant
  - Low German: Sand
  - Plautdietsch: Saunt
Old Dutch: *sant
- Middle Dutch: sant
  - Dutch: zand
Old High German: sant, *samt
- Middle High German: sant; sampt, sambt
  - German: Sand
  - Luxembourgish: Sand
  - Vilamovian: zaond
  - Yiddish: זאַמד‎ (zamd)
Old Norse: sandr
- Icelandic: sandur
- Faroese: sandur
- Norn: sand
- Norwegian: sand
- Old Swedish: sander
  - Swedish: sand
- Old Danish: sand
  - Danish: sand
- Westrobothnian: sand
- Elfdalian: sand
- Gutnish: sand
- Scanian: sánð