< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/saltaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Pre-Germanic *sh₂ld-, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂l- with *-d- extension. Cognate with Latin sallō (“to salt”), Old Irish saillid.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsɑl.tɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*saltaną
- to salt, pickle
Inflection
Conjugation of *saltaną (strong class 7c)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *saltō | *saltaų | — | *saltai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *saltizi | *saltaiz | *salt | *saltazai | *saltaizau |
| 3rd singular | *saltidi | *saltai | *saltadau | *saltadai | *saltaidau |
| 1st dual | *saltōz | *saltaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *saltadiz | *saltaidiz | *saltadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *saltamaz | *saltaim | — | *saltandai | *saltaindau |
| 2nd plural | *saltid | *saltaid | *saltid | *saltandai | *saltaindau |
| 3rd plural | *saltandi | *saltain | *saltandau | *saltandai | *saltaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *sezalt | *sezaltį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *sezalst | *sezaltīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *sezalt | *sezaltī | |||
| 1st dual | *sezaltū | *sezaltīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *sezaltudiz | *sezaltīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *sezaltum | *sezaltīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *sezaltud | *sezaltīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *sezaltun | *sezaltīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *saltandz | *saltanaz | |||
Related terms
- *saltą
- *saltaz
- *saltijaną
- *sultijaz
- *sultijō
Descendants
Most descendants preserve this as a weak verb, presumably based on an innovated form *saltijaną or *saltōną, derived from the noun or adjective.
- Old English: sealtan; sealten (ppl)
- Middle English: salten; salten
- English: salt; salten
- Middle English: salten; salten
- Old Frisian: *salta; *salten (ppl)
- Saterland Frisian: soalten (adj)
- Old Saxon: *saltan; *gisaltan
- Middle Low German: solten; solten (ppl)
- German Low German: solten; solten (ppl)
- Plautdietsch: solten
- Middle Low German: solten; solten (ppl)
- Old Dutch: *saltan
- Middle Dutch: souten
- Dutch: zouten (weak, but with a strong participle)
- Afrikaans: sout
- Dutch: zouten (weak, but with a strong participle)
- Middle Dutch: souten
- Old High German: salzan
- Middle High German: salzen
- German: salzen (weak, but with a strong participle)
- Luxembourgish: salzen
- Middle High German: salzen
- Old Norse: salta
- Icelandic: salta
- Faroese: salta
- Swedish: salta
- Old Danish: saltæ
- Danish: salte
- Gutnish: salte, salt'
- Smalandian: salta
- Westrobothnian: saalt
- Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌻𐍄𐌰𐌽 (saltan)
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN