Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sakōną

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Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sakōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *sakō (“case, lawsuit, quarrel”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈˈsɑ.kɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*sakōną[1][2]

1. to blame
2. to dispute

Inflection

Conjugation of *sakōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sakō	*sakǭ	—	*sakōi	?
2nd singular	*sakōsi	*sakōs	*sakō	*sakōsai	*sakōsau
3rd singular	*sakōþi	*sakō	*sakōþau	*sakōþai	*sakōþau
1st dual	*sakōs	*sakōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*sakōþiz	*sakōþiz	*sakōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*sakōmaz	*sakōm	—	*sakōnþai	*sakōnþau
2nd plural	*sakōþ	*sakōþ	*sakōþ	*sakōnþai	*sakōnþau
3rd plural	*sakōnþi	*sakōn	*sakōnþau	*sakōnþai	*sakōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sakōdǭ	*sakōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*sakōdēz	*sakōdēdīz
3rd singular	*sakōdē	*sakōdēdī
1st dual	*sakōdēdū	*sakōdēdīw
2nd dual	*sakōdēdudiz	*sakōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*sakōdēdum	*sakōdēdīm
2nd plural	*sakōdēdud	*sakōdēdīd
3rd plural	*sakōdēdun	*sakōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*sakōndz	*sakōdaz

Related terms

• *sakaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *sakōn
  • Old English: sacian
  • Old Frisian: sekia
  • Old Saxon: sakōn
    • Middle Low German: sāken
  • Old Dutch: *sakon
    • Middle Dutch: sāken
  • Old High German: *sahhōn
    • Middle High German: sachen
• Old Norse: saka
  • Icelandic: saka
  • Norwegian:

    Norwegian Bokmål: sake

    Norwegian Nynorsk: saka, sake

References

1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*sakō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 424: “*sakōjan-”
2. Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*sakōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 315