Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/saiwiz

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Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/saiwiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Derived from *sīhwaną (“to percolate, filter”), from earlier *saigwiz, Pre-Germanic *soykʷís.[1]

Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂ey-wo- (“to be fierce, afflict”) (compare Latin saevus (“wild, fierce”), Tocharian saiwe (“itch”), Latvian sievs, sīvs (“sharp, biting”)).[2] Compare *sairaz (“sore, painful”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɑi̯.wiz/

Noun

*saiwiz m

1. body of water: lake, sea, ocean

Inflection

i-stemDeclension of *saiwiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*saiwiz	*saiwīz
vocative	*saiwi	*saiwīz
accusative	*saiwį	*saiwinz
genitive	*saiwīz	*saiwijǫ̂
dative	*saiwī	*saiwimaz
instrumental	*saiwī	*saiwimiz

Synonyms

• *habą
• *laguz
• *mari

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *saiwi m
  • Old English: sǣ f or m
    • Middle English: see, ce, sæ, se, sea, sei, ze
      • English: sea
      • Scots: se, see, sey, seye, sie
      • Yola: zea, zee
  • Old Frisian: sē
    • North Frisian: see
    • Saterland Frisian: See, Säi
    • West Frisian: see
  • Old Saxon: sēo m, sēu
    • Middle Low German: sê
      • German Low German: See
      • Plautdietsch: See
  • Old Dutch: sēo m
    • Middle Dutch: sêe f or m
      • Dutch: zee f
        • Afrikaans: see
        • Berbice Creole Dutch: sei
        • Javindo: see
        • Negerhollands: see
        • → Saramaccan: zé
        • → Sranan Tongo: se
      • Limburgish: zieë f
      • West Flemish: zji m or f, zêe
  • Old High German: sēo m
    • Middle High German: sē m (rarely f)
      • Bavarian:

        Cimbrian: sea

        Mòcheno: sea

      • German: See m (“lake”), See f (“sea”) (latter in part from Low German)
      • Luxembourgish: Séi
• Old Norse: sær, sjár, sjór m
  • Icelandic: sær, sjár, sjór m
  • Faroese: sjógvur
  • Norn: sju
  • Norwegian: sjø
  • Old Swedish: siār, siōr
    • Swedish: sjö
  • Old Danish: sǣ, siō
    • Danish: sø
  • Westrobothnian: ʃø, sy
  • Elfdalian: sju
  • Gutnish: sjo
  • Scanian: sjǿ
• Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐍃 m (saiws)
• → Proto-Samic: *sāvjë
  • Northern Sami: sáiva
  • Southern Sami: saajve

References

1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
2. Vladimir Orel, A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, s.v. "saiwiz" (Leiden, Netherlands: Brill, 2003), 314.