< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/reudaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈreu̯.ðɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-.
Verb
*reudaną[1][2]
- to redden, make red
Inflection
Conjugation of *reudaną (strong class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *reudō | *reudaų | — | *reudai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *riudizi | *reudaiz | *reud | *reudazai | *reudaizau |
| 3rd singular | *riudidi | *reudai | *reudadau | *reudadai | *reudaidau |
| 1st dual | *reudōz | *reudaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *reudadiz | *reudaidiz | *reudadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *reudamaz | *reudaim | — | *reudandai | *reudaindau |
| 2nd plural | *riudid | *reudaid | *riudid | *reudandai | *reudaindau |
| 3rd plural | *reudandi | *reudain | *reudandau | *reudandai | *reudaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *raud | *rudį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *raust | *rudīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *raud | *rudī | |||
| 1st dual | *rudū | *rudīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *rududiz | *rudīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *rudum | *rudīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *rudud | *rudīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *rudun | *rudīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *reudandz | *rudanaz | |||
Related terms
- *raudaz
- *reudaz
- *rudāną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *reudan
- Old English: rēodan
- Old Norse: rjóða
- Icelandic: rjóða
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *Hrewdʰ-.
Verb
*reudaną[3][2]
- to clear, eradicate, remove
Inflection
Conjugation of *reudaną (strong class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *reudō | *reudaų | — | *reudai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *riudizi | *reudaiz | *reud | *reudazai | *reudaizau |
| 3rd singular | *riudidi | *reudai | *reudadau | *reudadai | *reudaidau |
| 1st dual | *reudōz | *reudaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *reudadiz | *reudaidiz | *reudadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *reudamaz | *reudaim | — | *reudandai | *reudaindau |
| 2nd plural | *riudid | *reudaid | *riudid | *reudandai | *reudaindau |
| 3rd plural | *reudandi | *reudain | *reudandau | *reudandai | *reudaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *raud | *rudį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *raust | *rudīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *raud | *rudī | |||
| 1st dual | *rudū | *rudīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *rududiz | *rudīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *rudum | *rudīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *rudud | *rudīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *rudun | *rudīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *reudandz | *rudanaz | |||
Related terms
- *reudrą
- *rudą
- *rudōną/*ruddōną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *reudan
- Old English: rēodan
- Old High German: *riotan
- Middle High German: rieten
- Old Norse: rjóða
- Icelandic: rjóða
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*reudan- 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 410: “s.v. ‘to make red’”
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*reuđanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 302
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*reudan- 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 410: “s.v. ‘to clear, remove, eradicate’”