< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/raidaz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Alternative forms
- *raidijaz
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂roy-dʰ(h₁)-ó-s (“arranged, ready”), from *h₂rey- (“to count, order”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈrɑi̯.ðaz/
Adjective
*raidaz
- ready, arranged, prepared
Inflection
Declension of *raidaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *raidaz | *raidai | *raidō | *raidôz | *raidą, -atō | *raidō |
| Accusative | *raidanǭ | *raidanz | *raidǭ | *raidōz | *raidą, -atō | *raidō |
| Genitive | *raidas, -is | *raidaizǫ̂ | *raidaizōz | *raidaizǫ̂ | *raidas, -is | *raidaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *raidammai | *raidaimaz | *raidaizōi | *raidaimaz | *raidammai | *raidaimaz |
| Instrumental | *raidanō | *raidaimiz | *raidaizō | *raidaimiz | *raidanō | *raidaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *raidô | *raidaniz | *raidǭ | *raidōniz | *raidô | *raidōnō |
| Accusative | *raidanų | *raidanunz | *raidōnų | *raidōnunz | *raidô | *raidōnō |
| Genitive | *raidiniz | *raidanǫ̂ | *raidōniz | *raidōnǫ̂ | *raidiniz | *raidanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *raidini | *raidammaz | *raidōni | *raidōmaz | *raidini | *raidammaz |
| Instrumental | *raidinē | *raidammiz | *raidōnē | *raidōmiz | *raidinē | *raidammiz |
Derived terms
- *biraidijaz
- *garaidaz
- *garaidijaz
- *raidijaną
- *raidį̄
Related terms
- *garaidijaną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *(ga)raid, *(ga)raidī
- Old English: rǣde, ġerǣde
- Middle English: rædi, rædiȝ, redi, redy, iredi
- English: ready
- Scots: readie, reddy
- Middle English: rædi, rædiȝ, redi, redy, iredi
- Old Frisian: rēd; rēde
- North Frisian: ree
- Saterland Frisian: reed
- West Frisian: ree
- Old Saxon: *girēdi
- Middle Low German: gerêde, gerêt
- Low German: rede, reed
- → Danish: rede
- → Old Swedish: rēþo
- Swedish: redo
- Middle Low German: gerêde, gerêt
- Old Dutch: *reid, *gereid, *bereid
- Middle Dutch: rede, reede, gerede, gereide, gereit, gereet, bereid
- Dutch: reeds, gereed, bereid
- Middle Dutch: rede, reede, gerede, gereide, gereit, gereet, bereid
- Old High German: reiti, gireit
- Middle High German: gereite, gereit
- Yiddish: גרייט (greyt)
- ⇒ Old High German: bireiti (< *biraidijaz)
- Middle High German: bereite, bereit
- German: bereit
- → Swedish: beredd
- Middle High German: bereite, bereit
- Middle High German: gereite, gereit
- Old English: rǣde, ġerǣde
- Old Norse: reiðr, greiðr, greiðligur, greiðiliga
- Icelandic: reiður, greiður, greiðilegur, greiðilega
- Faroese: reiður
- Norwegian: reiug, grei, rede
- Swedish: reda
- Danish: rede
- → Middle English: greithe, greith, graith; greithli
- Scots: graith; graithlie
- English: graith; gradely
- Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (garaiþs)
- → Proto-Finnic: *rac'as (see there for further descendants)
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN