< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nakwadaz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *negʷ- (“naked, bare”); see there for the cognates.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈnɑ.kʷɑ.ðɑz/
Adjective
*nakwadaz
- naked
- Synonyms: *bazaz, *blautaz
Inflection
Declension of *nakwadaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *nakwadaz | *nakwadai | *nakwadō | *nakwadôz | *nakwadą, -atō | *nakwadō |
| Accusative | *nakwadanǭ | *nakwadanz | *nakwadǭ | *nakwadōz | *nakwadą, -atō | *nakwadō |
| Genitive | *nakwadas, -is | *nakwadaizǫ̂ | *nakwadaizōz | *nakwadaizǫ̂ | *nakwadas, -is | *nakwadaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *nakwadammai | *nakwadaimaz | *nakwadaizōi | *nakwadaimaz | *nakwadammai | *nakwadaimaz |
| Instrumental | *nakwadanō | *nakwadaimiz | *nakwadaizō | *nakwadaimiz | *nakwadanō | *nakwadaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *nakwadô | *nakwadaniz | *nakwadǭ | *nakwadōniz | *nakwadô | *nakwadōnō |
| Accusative | *nakwadanų | *nakwadanunz | *nakwadōnų | *nakwadōnunz | *nakwadô | *nakwadōnō |
| Genitive | *nakwadiniz | *nakwadanǫ̂ | *nakwadōniz | *nakwadōnǫ̂ | *nakwadiniz | *nakwadanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *nakwadini | *nakwadammaz | *nakwadōni | *nakwadōmaz | *nakwadini | *nakwadammaz |
| Instrumental | *nakwadinē | *nakwadammiz | *nakwadōnē | *nakwadōmiz | *nakwadinē | *nakwadammiz |
Related terms
- *nakwōną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *nak(k)wad
- Old English: nacod
- Middle English: naked, nakit
- Scots: nakit, naikit, nakkit
- English: naked
- Middle English: naked, nakit
- Old Frisian: nakad, naked
- Saterland Frisian: noakend
- West Frisian: neaken
- Old Saxon: *nakod
- Middle Low German: naket
- Low German: naakd, naked
- Middle Low German: naket
- Old Dutch: nakot
- Middle Dutch: naket, naect
- Dutch: naakt
- Middle Dutch: naket, naect
- Old High German: nackot, nachot
- Middle High German: nacket
- German: nackt (variants: nackend, nackert, nackicht, nackig)
- Middle High German: nacket
- Old English: nacod
- Old Norse: nakinn, nǫkkviðr (possibly derived from an unattested verb, or else reanalysed as though it were)
- Icelandic: nakinn
- Faroese: nakin
- Norwegian Nynorsk: naken, nakin
- → Norwegian Bokmål: naken
- Elfdalian: nakun
- Westrobothnian: nɑtjen, nötjen
- Old Swedish: nakin; nakudher, naqvidher
- Swedish: naken
- Old Danish: nøkæn
- Danish: nøgen
- Norwegian Bokmål: nøken
- Danish: nøgen
- Gutnish: naken, nakuer, nåkur, nåkvar, nåkugur, nåkagur
- Scanian: nægen, nǫgen
- Gothic: 𐌽𐌰𐌵𐌰𐌸𐍃 (naqaþs)