< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mēlōną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Related to *mēlą (“stain, mark, spot”) + *-ōną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmɛː.lɔː.nɑ̃/
Verb
*mēlōną[1]
- to stain
- to paint
Inflection
Conjugation of *mēlōną (weak class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *mēlō | *mēlǭ | — | *mēlōi | ? |
| 2nd singular | *mēlōsi | *mēlōs | *mēlō | *mēlōsai | *mēlōsau |
| 3rd singular | *mēlōþi | *mēlō | *mēlōþau | *mēlōþai | *mēlōþau |
| 1st dual | *mēlōs | *mēlōw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *mēlōþiz | *mēlōþiz | *mēlōþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *mēlōmaz | *mēlōm | — | *mēlōnþai | *mēlōnþau |
| 2nd plural | *mēlōþ | *mēlōþ | *mēlōþ | *mēlōnþai | *mēlōnþau |
| 3rd plural | *mēlōnþi | *mēlōn | *mēlōnþau | *mēlōnþai | *mēlōnþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *mēlōdǭ | *mēlōdēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *mēlōdēz | *mēlōdēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *mēlōdē | *mēlōdēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *mēlōdēdū | *mēlōdēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *mēlōdēdudiz | *mēlōdēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *mēlōdēdum | *mēlōdēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *mēlōdēdud | *mēlōdēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *mēlōdēdun | *mēlōdēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *mēlōndz | *mēlōdaz | |||
Alternative reconstructions
- *mēlāną[2]
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *mālōn
- Old Frisian: mēlia
- West Frisian: mielje
- Saterland Frisian: moalje
- Old Saxon: mālōn
- Middle Low German: mālen
- German Low German: malen
- → Danish: male
- → Old Swedish: māla
- Swedish: måla
- Middle Low German: mālen
- Old Dutch: *mālon
- Middle Dutch: mâlen
- Dutch: malen
- Afrikaans: maal
- Berbice Creole Dutch: mali
- Negerhollands: maal
- Limburgish: male
- Dutch: malen
- Middle Dutch: mâlen
- Old High German: mālōn, mālēn
- Middle High German: mālen
- German: malen
- → Polish: malować
- Yiddish: מאָלן (moln)
- Middle High German: mālen
- Old Frisian: mēlia
- Old Norse: mála
- Icelandic: mála
- Faroese: mála
- Norwegian Nynorsk: måla, måle
- Norwegian Bokmål: male
- Swedish: måla
- Danish: male
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*mēla- 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 182: “*mēlōjan-”
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*mēljanan ~ *mēlēnan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 270