Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/malwijaną

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Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/malwijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

A causative verb related to *malaną. From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to beat; crush; grind”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmɑl.wi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*malwijaną[1][2]

1. to crush, grind, break

Inflection

Conjugation of *malwijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*malwijō	*malwijaų	—	*malwijai	?
2nd singular	*malwīsi	*malwijais	*malwī	*malwijasai	*malwijaisau
3rd singular	*malwīþi	*malwijai	*malwijaþau	*malwijaþai	*malwijaiþau
1st dual	*malwijōs	*malwijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*malwijaþiz	*malwijaiþiz	*malwijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*malwijamaz	*malwijaim	—	*malwijanþai	*malwijainþau
2nd plural	*malwīþ	*malwijaiþ	*malwīþ	*malwijanþai	*malwijainþau
3rd plural	*malwijanþi	*malwijain	*malwijanþau	*malwijanþai	*malwijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*malwidǭ	*malwidēdį̄
2nd singular	*malwidēz	*malwidēdīz
3rd singular	*malwidē	*malwidēdī
1st dual	*malwidēdū	*malwidēdīw
2nd dual	*malwidēdudiz	*malwidēdīdiz
1st plural	*malwidēdum	*malwidēdīm
2nd plural	*malwidēdud	*malwidēdīd
3rd plural	*malwidēdun	*malwidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*malwijandz	*malwidaz

Related terms

• *malaną
• *melwą
• *muljaną

Descendants

• Old Norse: mølva
• ⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gamalwjan)

References

1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*malwjan”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 352
2. Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*malwjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 258-259