< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/maganą
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *(me)mógʰe, from *megʰ-. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *moťi.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmɑ.ɣɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*maganą
- to be able, may
Inflection
Conjugation of *maganą (preterite-present)
active voice | passive voice | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
1st singular | *mag | *magį̄ | — | — | — |
2nd singular | *maht | *magīz | — | — | — |
3rd singular | *mag | *magī | — | — | — |
1st dual | *magū | *magīw | — | — | — |
2nd dual | *magudiz | *magīdiz | — | — | — |
1st plural | *magum | *magīm | — | — | — |
2nd plural | *magud | *magīd | — | — | — |
3rd plural | *magun | *magīn | — | — | — |
past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
1st singular | *mahtǭ | *mahtēdį̄ | |||
2nd singular | *mahtēz | *mahtēdīz | |||
3rd singular | *mahtē | *mahtēdī | |||
1st dual | *mahtēdū | *mahtēdīw | |||
2nd dual | *mahtēdudiz | *mahtēdīdiz | |||
1st plural | *mahtēdum | *mahtēdīm | |||
2nd plural | *mahtēdud | *mahtēdīd | |||
3rd plural | *mahtēdun | *mahtēdīn | |||
present | past | ||||
participles | *magandz | *mahtaz |
Usage notes
The main distinction between *kunnaną and *maganą is that the former deals with one's own capabilities, whereas the latter indicates ability due to favourable circumstances not under one's control.
Derived terms
- *magaz
- *maginą
- *maginaz
- *mahtiz
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *magan
- Old English: magan
- Middle English: mowen (mostly from analogical *mugan)
- English: may
- Scots: mey, may, ma
- Yola: mye, mey, mai, maa, ma
- Middle English: mowen (mostly from analogical *mugan)
- Old Frisian: muga
- North Frisian:
- Föhr-Amrum: mei
- Mooring: mooge
- Saterland Frisian: muuge
- West Frisian: meie
- North Frisian:
- Old Saxon: mugan
- Middle Low German: mogen, mögen
- Low German: mögen, mägen
- German Low German: mögen
- Low German: mögen, mägen
- Middle Low German: mogen, mögen
- Old Dutch: mugan
- Middle Dutch: mōgen
- Dutch: mogen
- Afrikaans: mag
- Limburgish: moge
- Dutch: mogen
- Middle Dutch: mōgen
- Old High German: mugan
- Middle High German: mugen, mogen, magen, megen, mügen, mögen
- Alemannic German: möge
- Central Franconian: mugge
- Cimbrian: mögan, möng
- German: mögen
- → Central Franconian: müjje
- Rhine Franconian:
- Pennsylvania German: meege
- Yiddish: מעגן (megn)
- Middle High German: mugen, mogen, magen, megen, mügen, mögen
- Old English: magan
- Proto-Norse:
- Old Norse: mega
- Icelandic: mega
- Faroese: mega
- Norwegian Nynorsk: moga; (dialectal) mågå, måga, mòge
- Old Swedish: magha, mugha, mogha
- Swedish: må
- ⇒ Old Norse: mátti
- Norwegian Nynorsk: måtta (infinitive), måtte
- Norwegian Bokmål: måtte (also infinitive)
- Westrobothnian: mått
- Old Swedish: mātte, māte
- Swedish: måtte
- Danish: måtte (also infinitive)
- ⇒ Old Norse: má
- Icelandic: má
- Faroese: má
- Norwegian Nynorsk: må
- Norwegian Bokmål: må
- Westrobothnian: må
- Old Swedish: mā
- Swedish: må
- Danish: må
- Old Norse: mega
- Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽 (magan)