Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/landą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *landā.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈlɑn.dɑ̃/

Noun

*landą n

land, area of ground

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *landą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*landą	*landō
vocative	*landą	*landō
accusative	*landą	*landō
genitive	landas, landis	*landǫ̂
dative	*landai	*landamaz
instrumental	*landō	*landamiz

Derived terms

*landabūwô
*landakaupaz
*landasiduz
*landaskapiz
*landaskuldiz
*landijaną
*landô
*markalandą

Related terms

*lundaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *land
- Old English: land, lond, lænd
  - Middle English: lond
    - English: land
    - Scots: laund, land
    - Yola: lhoan, lone
- Old Frisian: land, lond
  - North Frisian:
    Fohr: lun
    Hallig: löön
    Heligoland: Lun
    Mooring: lönj
  - Saterland Frisian: Lound
  - West Frisian: lân
- Old Saxon: land
  - Middle Low German: lant
    - Dutch Low Saxon: laand
    - German Low German: Land
      - Plautdietsch: Launt
- Old Dutch: lant
  - Middle Dutch: lant
    - Dutch: land
      - Afrikaans: land
      - Berbice Creole Dutch: alanda, landi
      - Negerhollands: land, lant, lan
      - Skepi Creole Dutch: land, lantta
      - → Sranan Tongo: lanti
        → Caribbean Javanese: lanti
        → Kwinti: lanti
        → Saramaccan: lánti
        → Trió: ranti
    - Limburgish: landj
    - Zealandic: land
- Old High German: lant
  - Middle High German: lant
    - Alemannic German: Land, Lånd
      Swabian: Lahnd
    - Bavarian: Land, Lond, Laund, Lånd
      Cimbrian: lant, lånt
    - Central Franconian: Land, Lannt
      Hunsrik: Land
      Luxembourgish: Land
    - German: Land
      - → Polish: ląd
    - Rhine Franconian:
      Palatine German: Lond
      Pennsylvania German: Land, Lond
    - Vilamovian: łaond
    - Yiddish: לאַנד‎ (land)
Old Norse: land
- Icelandic: land
- Faroese: land
- Norn: land
- Norwegian Nynorsk: land
- Old Swedish: land
  - Elfdalian: land
  - Swedish: land
- Old Danish: land
  - Danish: land
    - Norwegian Bokmål: land
  - Scanian: lann
- Old Gutnish: land
  - Gutnish: land, lande, landi
Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 (land)