Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kussaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Probably onomatopoeic; or alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *gʷas-, *gus-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkus.sɑz/

Noun

*kussaz m

kiss

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *kussaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*kussaz	kussōz, kussōs
vocative	*kuss	kussōz, kussōs
accusative	*kussą	*kussanz
genitive	kussas, kussis	*kussǫ̂
dative	*kussai	*kussamaz
instrumental	*kussō	*kussamiz

Derived terms

*kussijaną

Descendants

Most modern descendants have reanalysed this word based on the verb, and therefore show a front vowel. Those with a back vowel are more original.

Proto-West Germanic: *koss
- Old English: coss, cos, *cus
  - Middle English: cos, cus, kis, kys, kysse
    - English: kiss
    - Scots: kis
    - Yola: kesse
- Old Frisian: koss, kos
- Old Saxon: kuss, kus, koss, kos
  - Middle Low German: kus, kuss
    - Plautdietsch: Kuss
- Old Dutch: *cus, *cos
  - Middle Dutch: kos, kus
    - Dutch: kus
      - Afrikaans: kus
- Old High German: kus, kos
  - Middle High German: kus, kos
    - German: Kuss
    - Hunsrik: Kuss
    - Luxembourgish: Kuss
Old Norse: koss
- Icelandic: koss
- Faroese: kossur
- Norwegian Nynorsk: kyss; (dialectal) kjøss, kjuss
- Old Swedish: kus, kos
  - Swedish: kyss
- Old Danish:
  - Danish: kys