Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/knukilaz

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Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/knukilaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *knukulaz

Etymology

From *knukô +‎ *-ilaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈknu.ki.lɑz/

Noun

*knukilaz m

1. knuckle, small bone
2. knot, bump

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *knukilaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*knukilaz	*knukilōz, *knukilōs
vocative	*knukil	*knukilōz, *knukilōs
accusative	*knukilą	*knukilanz
genitive	*knukilas, *knukilis	*knukilǫ̂
dative	*knukilai	*knukilamaz
instrumental	*knukilō	*knukilamiz

Descendants

• Old English: cnyċel; cnucel, *cnocel (< *knukulaz)
  • Middle English: knokel, knokylle
    • Scots: knockle
    • English: knuckle
• Old Frisian: knokel
  • Saterland Frisian: Knouel
  • West Frisian: knokkel
• Old Saxon: *knukil
  • Middle Low German: knuckel, knȫkel
    • Low German: Knökel
    • Danish: knogle
• Old Dutch: *knukil
  • Middle Dutch: cnokel, knokel, cnockel, knockel
    • Dutch: knokkel, kneukel; knekelhuis, knekelvat, knekelput, knekelgraf
    • West Flemish: knekel
• Old High German: *knuchil
  • Middle High German: knöchel
    • German: Knöchel (ankle, knuckle)
• Old Norse: knykill
  • Elfdalian: kniųokel