Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jainaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈjɑi̯.nɑz/

Etymology

From the pronominal Proto-Indo-European *i-; related to Old Church Slavonic онъ (onŭ, “he”), Lithuanian ans (“he”), Latin idem (“the same”), and Sanskrit third person pronoun एना (enā, “that”).

Determiner

*jainaz

that over there, yon

Inflection

Declension of *jainaz (a-stem, strong only)

strong declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*jainaz	*jainai	*jainō	*jainôz	jainą, -atō	*jainō
accusative	*jainanǭ	*jainanz	*jainǭ	*jainōz	jainą, -atō	*jainō
genitive	jainas, jainis	*jainaizǫ̂	*jainaizōz	*jainaizǫ̂	jainas, jainis	*jainaizǫ̂
dative	*jainammai	*jainaimaz	*jainaizōi	*jainaimaz	*jainammai	*jainaimaz
instrumental	*jainanō	*jainaimiz	*jainaizō	*jainaimiz	*jainanō	*jainaimiz

Related terms

*jainar

Descendants

Old English: ġeon
- Middle English: ȝeon, ȝon, yon
  - Scots: ȝon, yon
  - English: yon
Old Frisian: jen, jena
- Saterland Frisian: (juns, junner, etc.)
- West Frisian: jinge; itjinge
Old Saxon: (ginuwar, genower; gendro)
- Middle Low German: (ginder, gender)
  - German Low German: (günt, günners, günnert, etc.)
Old Dutch: *gēn
- Middle Dutch: gene, ghene
  - Dutch: ginds, geen, gene (only in diegene, hetgeen etc.)
Old High German: jēner
- Middle High German: jener, ener
  - Alemannic German: ääne
  - German: jener
  - Yiddish: יענער‎ (yener)
Old Norse: enn, inn, hinn, -inn
- Icelandic: inn, -inn
- Faroese: -in
- Norwegian: -en, hin
- Swedish: -en
- Danish: -en
- Westrobothnian: (än) -än, -en, -in, -jen
Gothic: 𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (jains)

References

The Indo-European Languages (2015, →ISBN, page 401: In addition we have *jainaz > Goth. jains, OEng. geon (> Eng. yon), OHG jener (= Ger.) 'that man'.