< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/izweraz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Genitive form of *jūz.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈiz.we.rɑz/
Determiner
*izweraz
- your; 2nd person plural possessive
Inflection
Declension of *izweraz (a-stem, strong only)
| strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| nominative | *izweraz | *izwirai | *izwerō | *izwerôz | *izwerą, *-at(ō) | *izwerō |
| accusative | *izweranǭ | *izweranz | *izwerǭ | *izwerōz | *izwerą, *-at(ō) | *izwerō |
| genitive | *izweras, *izwiris | *izwiraizǫ̂ | *izwiraizōz | *izwiraizǫ̂ | *izweras, *izwiris | *izwiraizǫ̂ |
| dative | *izwerammai | *izwiraimaz | *izwiraizōi | *izwiraimaz | *izwerammai | *izwiraimaz |
| instrumental | *izweranō | *izwiraimiz | *izwiraizō | *izwiraimiz | *izweranō | *izwiraimiz |
Proto-Germanic personal pronouns
| singular | first person | second person | reflexive |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *ek (unstr. *ik) | *þū | (*se-) |
| accusative | *mek (unstr. *mik) | *þek (unstr. *þik) | *sek (unstr. *sik) |
| dative/instr | *miz | *þiz | *siz |
| possessive | *mīnaz | *þīnaz | *sīnaz |
| dual | first person | second person | reflexive |
| nominative | *wet (unstr. *wit) | *jut, *jit | (*se-) |
| accusative | *unk | *inkw | *sek (unstr. *sik) |
| dative/instr | *unkiz | *inkwiz | *siz |
| possessive | *unkeraz | *inkweraz | *sīnaz |
| plural | first person | second person | reflexive |
| nominative | *wīz (unstr. *wiz) | *jūz, *jīz | (*se-) |
| accusative | *uns | *izwiz | *sek (unstr. *sik) |
| dative/instr | *unsiz | *izwiz | *siz |
| possessive | *unseraz | *izweraz | *sīnaz |
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *iuwar
- Old English: ēower
- Middle English: your, youre, yowr, yowre, ȝour, ȝoure; yowyr, yowur, yor, yur, yure, yeur, yhure, yhour, yhoure, ȝowyr, ȝowur, ȝor, ȝore, ȝur, ȝure, ȝiore, ȝhour, ȝhoure, ȝaure, ȝiure, ȝiwer, ȝeur, ȝeure, ȝeuer, ȝeuwer, ȝewer, ȝewere, gur, gure, giur, giure, giuor, giuer, giuwer, giwer, ihore, ihoire, iure, eour, eoure, eouer, eouwer, eouwere, eower, eowwer, eore, eur, eure, euwer, euwere, our, oure, or, ore, ouer, ouwer, ouwere, ower, owur, hour, æure
- English: your (ya, yer, yo)
- Scots: your (yer)
- Yola: yer, ye
- Middle English: your, youre, yowr, yowre, ȝour, ȝoure; yowyr, yowur, yor, yur, yure, yeur, yhure, yhour, yhoure, ȝowyr, ȝowur, ȝor, ȝore, ȝur, ȝure, ȝiore, ȝhour, ȝhoure, ȝaure, ȝiure, ȝiwer, ȝeur, ȝeure, ȝeuer, ȝeuwer, ȝewer, ȝewere, gur, gure, giur, giure, giuor, giuer, giuwer, giwer, ihore, ihoire, iure, eour, eoure, eouer, eouwer, eouwere, eower, eowwer, eore, eur, eure, euwer, euwere, our, oure, or, ore, ouer, ouwer, ouwere, ower, owur, hour, æure
- Old Frisian: jūwe
- West Frisian: jim
- Old Saxon: īuwar, gīuwar, euwar
- Middle Low German: juwe
- Old Dutch: iuwa, *juwa
- Middle Dutch: uwe, juwe, jouwe
- Dutch: uw, jouw
- Afrikaans: jou
- Dutch: uw, jouw
- Middle Dutch: uwe, juwe, jouwe
- Old High German: iuwar
- Middle High German: iuwer
- Alemannic German: öie
- Cimbrian: ôar
- German: euer
- Luxembourgish: är
- Yiddish: אײַער (ayer)
- Middle High German: iuwer
- Old English: ēower
- Old Norse: yðvarr, yðarr
- Icelandic: yðar, yðvar
- Norwegian Bokmål: deres
- Westrobothnian: jedar, irar
- Old Swedish: iþar, idhar
- Swedish: edar, eder, er
- Danish: jeres, eders
- Gothic: 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌰𐍂 (izwar)