< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-iskaz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *-iskos (suffix).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /is.kɑz/
Adjective
*-iskaz
- Forms adjectives from nouns with the sense of 'pertaining to, characteristic of'.
Inflection
Declension of *-iskaz (a-stem)
| strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| nominative | *-iskaz | *-iskai | *-iskō | *-iskôz | *-iską, *-at(ō) | *-iskō |
| accusative | *-iskanǭ | *-iskanz | *-iskǭ | *-iskōz | *-iską, *-at(ō) | *-iskō |
| genitive | *-iskas, *-iskis | *-iskaizǫ̂ | *-iskaizōz | *-iskaizǫ̂ | *-iskas, *-iskis | *-iskaizǫ̂ |
| dative | *-iskammai | *-iskaimaz | *-iskaizōi | *-iskaimaz | *-iskammai | *-iskaimaz |
| instrumental | *-iskanō | *-iskaimiz | *-iskaizō | *-iskaimiz | *-iskanō | *-iskaimiz |
| weak declension | ||||||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| nominative | *-iskô | *-iskaniz | *-iskǭ | *-iskōniz | *-iskô | *-iskōnō |
| accusative | *-iskanų | *-iskanunz | *-iskōnų | *-iskōnunz | *-iskô | *-iskōnō |
| genitive | *-iskiniz | *-iskanǫ̂ | *-iskōniz | *-iskōnǫ̂ | *-iskiniz | *-iskanǫ̂ |
| dative | *-iskini | *-iskammaz | *-iskōni | *-iskōmaz | *-iskini | *-iskammaz |
| instrumental | *-iskinē | *-iskammiz | *-iskōnē | *-iskōmiz | *-iskinē | *-iskammiz |
Derived terms
Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-iskaz
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *-isk
- Old English: -isċ, -isċe
- Middle English: -ish, -isch
- Scots: -is, -ish
- English: -ish
- Middle English: -ish, -isch
- Old Frisian: -isk
- Saterland Frisian: -sk, -isk
- West Frisian: -sk
- Old Saxon: -isk, -isc
- Low German: -isch, -isk
- Plautdietsch: -isch
- Old Dutch: *-isk, *-sk
- Middle Dutch: -sc, -sch
- Dutch: -s
- Middle Dutch: -sc, -sch
- Old High German: -isc
- German: -isch, -sch
- → Dutch: -isch
- Luxembourgish: -esch
- Vilamovian: -yś
- Yiddish: ־יש (-ish)
- German: -isch, -sch
- → Late Latin: -iscus (see there for further descendants)
- English: -esque
- Old English: -isċ, -isċe
- Old Norse: -skr, -iskr
- Icelandic: -skur, -iskur
- Faroese: -skur, -iskur
- Norwegian Bokmål: -sk, -isk
- Swedish: -sk, -isk
- Danish: -sk, -isk
- Gothic: -𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 (-isks)