< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-inōną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Formed from the singular oblique stem of masculine n-stems: *-in- + *-ōną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i.nɔː.nɑ̃/
Verb
*-inōną
- Creates denominatives from nouns referring to persons, meaning to be or perform the duties of that person.
Inflection
Conjugation of *-inōną (weak class 2)
active voice | passive voice | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
1st singular | *-inō | *-inǭ | — | *-inōi | ? |
2nd singular | *-inōsi | *-inōs | *-inō | *-inōsai | *-inōsau |
3rd singular | *-inōþi | *-inō | *-inōþau | *-inōþai | *-inōþau |
1st dual | *-inōs | *-inōw | — | — | — |
2nd dual | *-inōþiz | *-inōþiz | *-inōþiz | — | — |
1st plural | *-inōmaz | *-inōm | — | *-inōnþai | *-inōnþau |
2nd plural | *-inōþ | *-inōþ | *-inōþ | *-inōnþai | *-inōnþau |
3rd plural | *-inōnþi | *-inōn | *-inōnþau | *-inōnþai | *-inōnþau |
past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
1st singular | *-inōdǭ | *-inōdēdį̄ | |||
2nd singular | *-inōdēz | *-inōdēdīz | |||
3rd singular | *-inōdē | *-inōdēdī | |||
1st dual | *-inōdēdū | *-inōdēdīw | |||
2nd dual | *-inōdēdudiz | *-inōdēdīdiz | |||
1st plural | *-inōdēdum | *-inōdēdīm | |||
2nd plural | *-inōdēdud | *-inōdēdīd | |||
3rd plural | *-inōdēdun | *-inōdēdīn | |||
present | past | ||||
participles | *-inōndz | *-inōdaz |
Derived terms
Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-inōną
See also
- *-isōną
Descendants
This suffix was probably only marginally productive in Proto-Germanic, and was eventually fossilised altogether.
- Proto-West Germanic: *-inōn
- Old English: -nian
- Middle English: -nien, -enien, -nen, -enen
- Scots: -en
- English: -en
- Middle English: -nien, -enien, -nen, -enen
- Old Saxon: *inōn, -nōn
- Middle Low German: -enen
- Old High German: -inōn, -anōn
- Old English: -nian
- Old Norse: -na
- Icelandic: -na
- Norwegian Bokmål: -ne
- Norwegian Nynorsk: -ne
- Swedish: -na
- Danish: -ne
- Gothic: -𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽 (-inōn)