Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ilingaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*-ulingaz

Etymology

From *-ilaz +‎ *-ingaz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /-iliŋ.ɡɑz/

Noun

*-ilingaz m

Forms noun-derivatives with sense of 'belonging to, coming from, descending from', often with a diminutive force.

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *-ilingaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*-ilingaz	-ilingōz, -ilingōs
vocative	*-iling	-ilingōz, -ilingōs
accusative	*-ilingą	*-ilinganz
genitive	-ilingas, -ilingis	*-ilingǫ̂
dative	*-ilingai	*-ilingamaz
instrumental	*-ilingō	*-ilingamiz

Derived terms

Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ilingaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *-ling
- Old English: -ling
  - Middle English: -ling, -linge, -lingge, -lyng, -lynge
    - English: -ling
    - Scots: -ling, -lin
- Old Frisian: -ling
  - Saterland Frisian: -ling
  - West Frisian: -ling
- Old Saxon: -ling
  - Middle Low German: -linc, -link
    - German Low German: -ling
- Old Dutch: -ling
  - Middle Dutch: -ling
    - Dutch: -ling
- Old High German: -ling
  - Middle High German: -linc
    - German: -ling
- → Vulgar Latin: *-lingus
  - Old French: -lein, -lain, -llan, -layn, -lenc, -leyn
    - Middle French: -llan
      - French: -llan
        → Italian: -llano
        → Spanish: -lán
    - → English: -lain
  - Old Italian: -lingo
    - Italian: -lengo
  - Old Occitan: -leng
    - Catalan: -lenc
  - Spanish: -lengo
Old Norse: -lingr
- Icelandic: -lingur
- Faroese: -lingur
- Swedish: -ling
Gothic: -𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍃 (-liggs)