Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hērą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Often traced to Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-, *ḱeres- (“rough hair, bristle”), though this leaves the lengthened grade unaccounted for. Alternatively, from earlier *hezra-, with loss of -z- before -r- and compensatory lengthening of the vowel, from Pre-Germanic *kesróm (“that which is combed”), substantivization of an adjective *kesros, derived from Proto-Indo-European *kes- (“to comb, scrape”).[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxɛː.rɑ̃/

Noun

*hērą n

hair
Synonym: *hazdaz

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *hērą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hērą	*hērō
vocative	*hērą	*hērō
accusative	*hērą	*hērō
genitive	hēras, hēris	*hērǫ̂
dative	*hērai	*hēramaz
instrumental	*hērō	*hēramiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *hār
- Old English: hǣr, hēr
  - Middle English: her
    - English: hair
    - Scots: hair, hayr, hare
    - Yola: haar
- Old Frisian: hēr
  - North Frisian:
    Föhr-Amrum: hiar
    Goesharde: heer, häär
    Halligen: heer
    Heligoland: Hear
    Mooring: häär
    Sylt: Hiir
    Wiedingharde: heer
  - Saterland Frisian: Híer
  - West Frisian: hier
- Old Saxon: hār
  - Middle Low German: hâr
    - German Low German: Hoor, Haar
    - Plautdietsch: Hoa
- Old Dutch: hār
  - Middle Dutch: hâer
    - Dutch: haar
- Old High German: hār
  - Middle High German: hār
    - Alemannic German: Härre
      Swabian: Hoar
      Walser: haar, hoar, hoor, hàre
    - Bavarian: hoor
      Cimbrian: har, haar
      Mòcheno: hor
    - Central Franconian: Hoor
    - German: Haar
    - Luxembourgish: Hoer
    - Rhine Franconian:
      Pennsylvania German: Haar
    - Yiddish: האָר‎ (hor)
Old Norse: hár
- Icelandic: hár
- Faroese: hár
- Norwegian Nynorsk: hår
- Norwegian Bokmål: hår
- Elfdalian: år
- Old Swedish: hār
  - Swedish: hår
- Danish: hår
- Gutnish: har, hår

References

Gąsiorowski, Piotr (2012), “The Germanic reflexes of PIE *-sr- in the context of Verner's Law”, in The Sound of Indo-European: Phonetics, Phonemics, and Morphophonemics‎, Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, DOI:10.13140/RG.2.1.2625.1605, ISSN 1609-8498

[1] Gąsiorowski, Piotr (2012), “The Germanic reflexes of PIE *-sr- in the context of Verner's Law”, in The Sound of Indo-European: Phonetics, Phonemics, and Morphophonemics‎, Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, DOI:10.13140/RG.2.1.2625.1605, ISSN 1609-8498