< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwītijaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *hwītaz + *-janą.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxʷiː.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*hwītijaną[1]
- to make white, whiten
Inflection
Conjugation of *hwītijaną (weak class 1)
active voice | passive voice | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
1st singular | *hwītijō | *hwītijaų | — | *hwītijai | *? |
2nd singular | *hwītīsi | *hwītijais | *hwītī | *hwītijasai | *hwītijaisau |
3rd singular | *hwītīþi | *hwītijai | *hwītijaþau | *hwītijaþai | *hwītijaiþau |
1st dual | *hwītijōs | *hwītijaiw | — | — | — |
2nd dual | *hwītijaþiz | *hwītijaiþiz | *hwītijaþiz | — | — |
1st plural | *hwītijamaz | *hwītijaim | — | *hwītijanþai | *hwītijainþau |
2nd plural | *hwītīþ | *hwītijaiþ | *hwītīþ | *hwītijanþai | *hwītijainþau |
3rd plural | *hwītijanþi | *hwītijain | *hwītijanþau | *hwītijanþai | *hwītijainþau |
past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
1st singular | *hwītidǭ | *hwītidēdį̄ | |||
2nd singular | *hwītidēz | *hwītidēdīz | |||
3rd singular | *hwītidē | *hwītidēdī | |||
1st dual | *hwītidēdū | *hwītidēdīw | |||
2nd dual | *hwītidēdudiz | *hwītidēdīdiz | |||
1st plural | *hwītidēdum | *hwītidēdīm | |||
2nd plural | *hwītidēdud | *hwītidēdīd | |||
3rd plural | *hwītidēdun | *hwītidēdīn | |||
present | past | ||||
participles | *hwītijandz | *hwītidaz |
Descendants
- West Germanic: *hwītijan
- Old English: hwītan
- Middle English: whīten
- Old High German: wīzen
- Middle High German: wīzen
- German: weißen
- Middle High German: wīzen
- Old English: hwītan
- Gothic: *𐍈𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*ƕeitjan)
- ⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍈𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaƕeitjan)
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*xwītjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 202