Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwataz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷh₁dós, adjectival derivation from *kʷeh₁d-, whence Proto-Germanic *hwētaną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxʷɑ.tɑz/

Adjective

*hwataz

quick, sharp, brave

Inflection

Declension of *hwataz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*hwataz	*hwatai	*hwatō	*hwatôz	*hwatą, -atō	*hwatō
Accusative	*hwatanǭ	*hwatanz	*hwatǭ	*hwatōz	*hwatą, -atō	*hwatō
Genitive	*hwatas, -is	*hwataizǫ̂	*hwataizōz	*hwataizǫ̂	*hwatas, -is	*hwataizǫ̂
Dative	*hwatammai	*hwataimaz	*hwataizōi	*hwataimaz	*hwatammai	*hwataimaz
Instrumental	*hwatanō	*hwataimiz	*hwataizō	*hwataimiz	*hwatanō	*hwataimiz

Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*hwatô	*hwataniz	*hwatǭ	*hwatōniz	*hwatô	*hwatōnō
Accusative	*hwatanų	*hwatanunz	*hwatōnų	*hwatōnunz	*hwatô	*hwatōnō
Genitive	*hwatiniz	*hwatanǫ̂	*hwatōniz	*hwatōnǫ̂	*hwatiniz	*hwatanǫ̂
Dative	*hwatini	*hwatammaz	*hwatōni	*hwatōmaz	*hwatini	*hwatammaz
Instrumental	*hwatinē	*hwatammiz	*hwatōnē	*hwatōmiz	*hwatinē	*hwatammiz

Related terms

*hwassaz
*hwatjaną
*hwētaną

Descendants

Old English: hwæt
- Middle English: hwat, whæt
Old Saxon: hwat (in compounds)
Old High German: hwaz, waz
- Middle High German: was
Old Norse: hvatr
- Icelandic: hvatur
- Faroese: hvat- (as a prefix in hvatligur, hvatmæltur, hvattalandi)
- Norwegian Nynorsk: kvat
- Norwegian Bokmål: kvat
- Westrobothnian: hwȧtt (adverb)

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN