< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hurnijaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *hurną (“horn”) + *-janą.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxur.ni.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*hurnijaną[1]
- to use a horn
- to blow a horn
Inflection
Conjugation of *hurnijaną (weak class 1)
active voice | passive voice | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
1st singular | *hurnijō | *hurnijaų | — | *hurnijai | ? |
2nd singular | *hurnīsi | *hurnijais | *hurnī | *hurnijasai | *hurnijaisau |
3rd singular | *hurnīþi | *hurnijai | *hurnijaþau | *hurnijaþai | *hurnijaiþau |
1st dual | *hurnijōs | *hurnijaiw | — | — | — |
2nd dual | *hurnijaþiz | *hurnijaiþiz | *hurnijaþiz | — | — |
1st plural | *hurnijamaz | *hurnijaim | — | *hurnijanþai | *hurnijainþau |
2nd plural | *hurnīþ | *hurnijaiþ | *hurnīþ | *hurnijanþai | *hurnijainþau |
3rd plural | *hurnijanþi | *hurnijain | *hurnijanþau | *hurnijanþai | *hurnijainþau |
past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
1st singular | *hurnidǭ | *hurnidēdį̄ | |||
2nd singular | *hurnidēz | *hurnidēdīz | |||
3rd singular | *hurnidē | *hurnidēdī | |||
1st dual | *hurnidēdū | *hurnidēdīw | |||
2nd dual | *hurnidēdudiz | *hurnidēdīdiz | |||
1st plural | *hurnidēdum | *hurnidēdīm | |||
2nd plural | *hurnidēdud | *hurnidēdīd | |||
3rd plural | *hurnidēdun | *hurnidēdīn | |||
present | past | ||||
participles | *hurnijandz | *hurnidaz |
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *hurnijan
- Old English: hyrnan
- Old High German: hurnen
- Middle High German: hürnen
- Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (haurnjan)
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*xurnjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 195