< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hungrijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *hungruz + *-janą.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxuŋ.ɡri.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*hungrijaną[1]
- to be hungry, starve (impersonal, with accusative)
Inflection
Conjugation of *hungrijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *hungrijō | *hungrijaų | — | *hungrijai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *hungrīsi | *hungrijais | *hungrī | *hungrijasai | *hungrijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *hungrīþi | *hungrijai | *hungrijaþau | *hungrijaþai | *hungrijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *hungrijōs | *hungrijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *hungrijaþiz | *hungrijaiþiz | *hungrijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *hungrijamaz | *hungrijaim | — | *hungrijanþai | *hungrijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *hungrīþ | *hungrijaiþ | *hungrīþ | *hungrijanþai | *hungrijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *hungrijanþi | *hungrijain | *hungrijanþau | *hungrijanþai | *hungrijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *hungridǭ | *hungridēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *hungridēz | *hungridēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *hungridē | *hungridēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *hungridēdū | *hungridēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *hungridēdudiz | *hungridēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *hungridēdum | *hungridēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *hungridēdud | *hungridēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *hungridēdun | *hungridēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *hungrijandz | *hungridaz | |||
Synonyms
- *hungrōną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *hungrijan
- Old English: hyngran
- Middle English: hüngren, hingren, hengren
- Scots: hungir
- English: hunger
- Middle English: hüngren, hingren, hengren
- Old Saxon: hungrian
- Old Dutch: hungeren
- Middle Dutch: hongeren
- Dutch: hongeren
- Middle Dutch: hongeren
- Old High German: hungaren
- Old English: hyngran
- Gothic: 𐌷𐌿𐌲𐌲𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 (huggrjan)
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*xunʒrjanan ~ *xunʒrōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 193