< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hruþjaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Related to *hruttōną (“to snore, roar”).[1]
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ˈxruθ.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*hruþjaną[1]
- to hawk, cough
Inflection
Conjugation of *hruþjaną (weak class 1)
active voice | passive voice | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
1st singular | *hruþjō | *hruþjaų | — | *hruþjai | ? |
2nd singular | *hruþisi | *hruþjais | *hruþi | *hruþjasai | *hruþjaisau |
3rd singular | *hruþiþi | *hruþjai | *hruþjaþau | *hruþjaþai | *hruþjaiþau |
1st dual | *hruþjōs | *hruþjaiw | — | — | — |
2nd dual | *hruþjaþiz | *hruþjaiþiz | *hruþjaþiz | — | — |
1st plural | *hruþjamaz | *hruþjaim | — | *hruþjanþai | *hruþjainþau |
2nd plural | *hruþiþ | *hruþjaiþ | *hruþiþ | *hruþjanþai | *hruþjainþau |
3rd plural | *hruþjanþi | *hruþjain | *hruþjanþau | *hruþjanþai | *hruþjainþau |
past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
1st singular | *hruþidǭ | *hruþidēdį̄ | |||
2nd singular | *hruþidēz | *hruþidēdīz | |||
3rd singular | *hruþidē | *hruþidēdī | |||
1st dual | *hruþidēdū | *hruþidēdīw | |||
2nd dual | *hruþidēdudiz | *hruþidēdīdiz | |||
1st plural | *hruþidēdum | *hruþidēdīm | |||
2nd plural | *hruþidēdud | *hruþidēdīd | |||
3rd plural | *hruþidēdun | *hruþidēdīn | |||
present | past | ||||
participles | *hruþjandz | *hruþidaz |
Derived terms
- *hruþjô (“snot”)
Descendants
- Old Norse:
- Elfdalian: hryðja
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*hrut(t)ōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 251: “hruþjan-”