< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrisjaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreys- (“to bend; turn; move; shake”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxris.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*hrisjaną[1]
- to shake
Inflection
Conjugation of *hrisjaną (weak class 1)
active voice | passive voice | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
1st singular | *hrisjō | *hrisjaų | — | *hrisjai | ? |
2nd singular | *hrisisi | *hrisjais | *hrisi | *hrisjasai | *hrisjaisau |
3rd singular | *hrisiþi | *hrisjai | *hrisjaþau | *hrisjaþai | *hrisjaiþau |
1st dual | *hrisjōs | *hrisjaiw | — | — | — |
2nd dual | *hrisjaþiz | *hrisjaiþiz | *hrisjaþiz | — | — |
1st plural | *hrisjamaz | *hrisjaim | — | *hrisjanþai | *hrisjainþau |
2nd plural | *hrisiþ | *hrisjaiþ | *hrisiþ | *hrisjanþai | *hrisjainþau |
3rd plural | *hrisjanþi | *hrisjain | *hrisjanþau | *hrisjanþai | *hrisjainþau |
past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
1st singular | *hrisidǭ | *hrisidēdį̄ | |||
2nd singular | *hrisidēz | *hrisidēdīz | |||
3rd singular | *hrisidē | *hrisidēdī | |||
1st dual | *hrisidēdū | *hrisidēdīw | |||
2nd dual | *hrisidēdudiz | *hrisidēdīdiz | |||
1st plural | *hrisidēdum | *hrisidēdīm | |||
2nd plural | *hrisidēdud | *hrisidēdīd | |||
3rd plural | *hrisidēdun | *hrisidēdīn | |||
present | past | ||||
participles | *hrisjandz | *hrisidaz |
Derived terms
- *hrisilaz
- *hrīstǭ
Related terms
- *hrīsą
- *hristijaną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *hrissjan
- Old English: hrissan; hrisian, hrysian
- Middle English: resien, rusien, resen
- English: rese
- Middle English: resien, rusien, resen
- Old Saxon: hrissian
- Middle Low German: rissen
- Old English: hrissan; hrisian, hrysian
- ⇒ Gothic: 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ushrisjan)
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*xrisjanan ~ *xrisōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 187