Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrabnaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-, whence also Latin corvus.

Noun

*hrabnaz m

raven

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *hrabnaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hrabnaz	hrabnōz, hrabnōs
vocative	*hrabn	hrabnōz, hrabnōs
accusative	*hrabną	*hrabnanz
genitive	hrabnas, hrabnis	*hrabnǫ̂
dative	*hrabnai	*hrabnamaz
instrumental	*hrabnō	*hrabnamiz

Descendants

Old English: hræfn, hrefn, hræmn, hremn
- Middle English: raven, reven, revin
  - English: raven
  - Scots: ravin, revin, rawin
Old Frisian: ravan
- West Frisian: raven
Old Saxon: hravan, hraƀan, ravan
- Middle Low German: rāven, rāve, rāvene, rāmme
  - German Low German: Raav, Roov
  - Westphalian:
    Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Räwe
    Westmünsterländisch: Raawe, Raabe
  - Plautdietsch: Rowen
Old Dutch: ravan
- Middle Dutch: rāven
  - Dutch: raaf
Old High German: raban, hraban, hram, ram, rabo, rappo
- Middle High German: raben, ram; rabe, rab, rappe, rapp; rauen (plural; Niederrheinisch)
  - Alemannic German: Rapp
  - German: Rabe
  - Luxembourgish: Ramm
Norse: ᚺᚨᚱᚨᛒᚨᚾᚨᛉ (harabanaz)
- Old Norse: hrafn, hramn
  - Icelandic: hrafn
  - Faroese: ravnur
  - Norwegian:
    Norwegian Bokmål: ravn
    Norwegian Nynorsk: ramn
  - Old Swedish: ramn, rampn
    - Swedish: ramn (dialectal)
  - Old Danish: rafn
    - Danish: ravn