Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hneupaną

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Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hneupaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *knew-, *kenw- (“to scratch, scrape, rub”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxneu̯.pɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hneupaną[1][2]

1. to pluck, tear

Inflection

Conjugation of *hneupaną (strong class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hneupō	*hneupaų	—	*hneupai	?
2nd singular	*hniupizi	*hneupaiz	*hneup	*hneupazai	*hneupaizau
3rd singular	*hniupidi	*hneupai	*hneupadau	*hneupadai	*hneupaidau
1st dual	*hneupōz	*hneupaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hneupadiz	*hneupaidiz	*hneupadiz	—	—
1st plural	*hneupamaz	*hneupaim	—	*hneupandai	*hneupaindau
2nd plural	*hniupid	*hneupaid	*hniupid	*hneupandai	*hneupaindau
3rd plural	*hneupandi	*hneupain	*hneupandau	*hneupandai	*hneupaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hnaup	*hnupį̄
2nd singular	*hnauft	*hnupīz
3rd singular	*hnaup	*hnupī
1st dual	*hnupū	*hnupīw
2nd dual	*hnupudiz	*hnupīdiz
1st plural	*hnupum	*hnupīm
2nd plural	*hnupud	*hnupīd
3rd plural	*hnupun	*hnupīn
	present	past
participles	*hneupandz	*hnupanaz

Related terms

• *hnappōną
• *hneudaną
• *hnuppô
• *hnuppōną

Descendants

• Old English: *hnēopan (in combination: āhnēopan)
• Old Norse: *hnjúpa
  • Old Swedish: niupa
    • Swedish: nypa
• Gothic: *𐌷𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽 (*hniupan) (in combination: 𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌷𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽 (dishniupan))

References

1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*hneupan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 235
2. Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*xneupanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 180