Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/helaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱéleti, from *ḱel- (“to cover”). Cognate with Latin cēlō (“hide, cover, conceal”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxe.lɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*helaną

to hide, to conceal

Inflection

Conjugation of *helaną (strong class 4)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*helō	*helaų	—	*helai	*?
2nd singular	*hilizi	*helaiz	*hel	*helazai	*helaizau
3rd singular	*hilidi	*helai	*heladau	*heladai	*helaidau
1st dual	*helōz	*helaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*heladiz	*helaidiz	*heladiz	—	—
1st plural	*helamaz	*helaim	—	*helandai	*helaindau
2nd plural	*hilid	*helaid	*hilid	*helandai	*helaindau
3rd plural	*helandi	*helain	*helandau	*helandai	*helaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hal	*hēlį̄
2nd singular	*halt	*hēlīz
3rd singular	*hal	*hēlī
1st dual	*hēlū	*hēlīw
2nd dual	*hēludiz	*hēlīdiz
1st plural	*hēlum	*hēlīm
2nd plural	*hēlud	*hēlīd
3rd plural	*hēlun	*hēlīn

	present	past
participles	*helandz	*hulanaz

Derived terms

*bihelaną
*helstrą

Related terms

*haljaną
*haljō
*huljaną

Descendants

Old English: helan
- Middle English: helen
  - Scots: hele, heil
  - English: hele
Old Frisian: hela
- West Frisian: hele
Old Saxon: helan
Old Dutch: *helan
- Middle Dutch: hēlen
  - Dutch: helen
Old High German: helan
- Middle High German: heln
  - German: hehlen
  - Swedish häla, hälare