< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hasô
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *kas-. Compare with Welsh cannu (“to whiten”), ceinach (“hare”), English hare, Latin cascus (“old”), Old Prussian sasins (“hare”), Pashto سوی (soe, “hare”), and Sanskrit शश (śaśa, “hare”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxɑ.sɔːː/
Noun
*hasô m
- hare
Inflection
Verner alternation was preserved in this noun, so that some forms had the stem *haz-. But the distribution of the alternants is currently unknown. According to Kroonen, this noun also contained vowel ablaut in its declension, for example between nominative singular *hesô and genitive singular *haznaz.[1]
| masculine an-stemDeclension of *hasô (masculine an-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *hasô | *hasaniz | |
| vocative | *hasô | *hasaniz | |
| accusative | *hasanų | *hasanunz | |
| genitive | *hasiniz | *hasanǫ̂ | |
| dative | *hasini | *hasammaz | |
| instrumental | *hasinē | *hasammiz | |
Related terms
- *haswaz
Descendants
Due to the vowel ablaut and Verner's law consonant alternations, several stems are attested throughout the descendants.
From *hesô:
- Norwegian: jase
From hezô:
- Old Norse: *hjeri
- Icelandic: héri
From hasô:
- Old Dutch: *haso
- Middle Dutch: hāse
- Dutch: haas
- Afrikaans: haas
- Limburgish: haas
- Dutch: haas
- Middle Dutch: hāse
- Old High German: haso
- Middle High German: hase
- Alemannic German: Haase
- German: Hase
- → French: hase
- Luxembourgish: Hues
- Vilamovian: hoza
- Middle High German: hase
- Old Frisian: hasa, hase
- Saterland Frisian: Hoase
- West Frisian: hazze
- Old Saxon: haso
- Middle Low German: hāse
- Low German: Haas, Hoos
- Plautdietsch: Hos
- Middle Low German: hāse
From hazô:
- Old English: hara
- Middle English: hare
- English: hare
- Scots: hare, hair
- Middle English: hare
- Old Norse: heri, hari
- Icelandic: héri
- Norwegian: hare
- Elfdalian: eri
- Old Swedish: hari
- Swedish: hare
- Danish: hare
- → Faroese: hara f
- Westrobothnian: hära m
- → Middle English: here, ere
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2011), “The *e ~ *a type”, in The Proto-Germanic n-stems: A study in diachronic morphophonology, Amsterdam: Rodopi, pages 200-201