Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harmô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱormō (“weasel”).

Noun

*harmô m[1]

ermine, weasel

Inflection

masculine an-stemDeclension of *harmô (masculine an-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*harmô	*harmaniz
vocative	*harmô	*harmaniz
accusative	*harmanų	*harmanunz
genitive	*harminiz	*harmanǫ̂
dative	*harmini	*harmammaz
instrumental	*harminē	*harmammiz

Derived terms

*harmǭ

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *harmō
- Old English: hearma
- Old Frisian: *harma
  - ⇒ Old Frisian: *harmel
    - West Frisian: harmel
- Old Saxon: harmo
  - Middle Low German: harm
    - ⇒ German Low German: Hermanntje
  - ⇒ Old Saxon: *hermil
    - Middle Low German: hermel
- Old Dutch: *harmo
  - Middle Dutch: *herme
    - Dutch: herm (rare, now obsolete)
    - ⇒ Middle Dutch: hermijn
      - →? Icelandic: hermín
  - ⇒ Old Dutch: *hermilo
    - Middle Dutch: hermel
      - Dutch: hermel
      - ⇒ Middle Dutch: hermelijn
        Dutch: hermelijn
- → Old French: hermin, ermin
  - Middle French: hermin, ermin m
    - French: hermine f
  - → Middle English: ermin
    - English: ermine
    - Scots: ermyn, ermyng, armine, arming
- Old High German: harmo
  - Middle High German: harme
    - German: Harm
  - ⇒ Old High German: harmilo
    - ⇒ Old High German: harmilīn
      - Middle High German: hermelīn
        German: Hermelin
        → Danish: hermelin
        → Swedish: hermelin
        → Norwegian Bokmål: hermelin
        → Norwegian Nynorsk: hermelin

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*harman-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 212

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*harman-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 212