< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/handlōną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *handuz + *-lōną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxɑnd.lɔː.nɑ̃/
Verb
*handlōną
- to take or hold in the hand, seize, grip
Inflection
Conjugation of *handlōną (weak class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *handlō | *handlǭ | — | *handlōi | *? |
| 2nd singular | *handlōsi | *handlōs | *handlō | *handlōsai | *handlōsau |
| 3rd singular | *handlōþi | *handlō | *handlōþau | *handlōþai | *handlōþau |
| 1st dual | *handlōs | *handlōw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *handlōþiz | *handlōþiz | *handlōþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *handlōmaz | *handlōm | — | *handlōnþai | *handlōnþau |
| 2nd plural | *handlōþ | *handlōþ | *handlōþ | *handlōnþai | *handlōnþau |
| 3rd plural | *handlōnþi | *handlōn | *handlōnþau | *handlōnþai | *handlōnþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *handlōdǭ | *handlōdēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *handlōdēz | *handlōdēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *handlōdē | *handlōdēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *handlōdēdū | *handlōdēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *handlōdēdudiz | *handlōdēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *handlōdēdum | *handlōdēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *handlōdēdud | *handlōdēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *handlōdēdun | *handlōdēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *handlōndz | *handlōdaz | |||
Descendants
- Old English: handlian
- Middle English: handlen
- Scots: handil
- English: handle
- → German: handeln, händeln
- Middle English: handlen
- Old Frisian: handelia, hondelia
- Saterland Frisian: hondelje
- West Frisian: hanneljen, hanljen
- Old Saxon: handlōn
- Middle Low German: handelen
- German Low German: handeln, hanneln
- Plautdietsch: hendlen
- Middle Low German: handelen
- Old Dutch: *handlōn
- Middle Dutch: handelen
- Dutch: handelen
- Middle Dutch: handelen
- Old High German: hantalōn
- Middle High German: handeln
- German: handeln
- → Luxembourgish: handelen
- German: handeln
- Middle High German: handeln
- Old Norse: handla, hǫndla
- Icelandic: höndla
- Norn: hanjdla
- Faroese: handla
- Norwegian: handle
- Old Swedish: handla
- Swedish: handla
- Danish: handle