< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haitaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *key-d-, a dental extension of the root Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to move, to impel”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κινέω (kinéō, “to set in motion, to arouse”), Latin cieō (“to set in motion, to summon”), Sanskrit च्यवते (cyavate, “to come forth, to fall down”), Albanian qoj (“to wake up”). Perhaps the original notion was "to summon", i.e. "to order someone to come" (cf. the parallel usage of English cite (“to summon (someone)”), from the cognate Latin root).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxɑi̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*haitaną
- to address, call, summon
- to name
- (passive) to be called
Inflection
Conjugation of *haitaną (strong class 7a)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *haitō | *haitaų | — | *haitai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *haitizi | *haitaiz | *hait | *haitazai | *haitaizau |
| 3rd singular | *haitidi | *haitai | *haitadau | *haitadai | *haitaidau |
| 1st dual | *haitōz | *haitaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *haitadiz | *haitaidiz | *haitadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *haitamaz | *haitaim | — | *haitandai | *haitaindau |
| 2nd plural | *haitid | *haitaid | *haitid | *haitandai | *haitaindau |
| 3rd plural | *haitandi | *haitain | *haitandau | *haitandai | *haitaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *hehait | *hehaitį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *hehaist | *hehaitīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *hehait | *hehaitī | |||
| 1st dual | *hehaitū | *hehaitīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *hehaitudiz | *hehaitīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *hehaitum | *hehaitīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *hehaitud | *hehaitīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *hehaitun | *hehaitīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *haitandz | *haitanaz | |||
Derived terms
- *haitą
- *haitijô
- *haitiz
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *haitan
- Old English: hātan
- Middle English: hoten, hoaten, haten
- English: hote, hight
- Scots: hate, hait
- Middle English: hoten, hoaten, haten
- Old Frisian: hēta
- Saterland Frisian: hete
- West Frisian: hjitte
- Old Saxon: hētan
- Middle Low German: hêten, hêiten
- German Low German: heiten, heten
- Middle Low German: hêten, hêiten
- Old Dutch: hētan
- Middle Dutch: hêten
- Dutch: heten
- Afrikaans: heet
- Negerhollands: hiet
- Limburgish: heite
- Dutch: heten
- Middle Dutch: hêten
- Old High German: heizzan, heizan
- Middle High German: heizen
- Bavarian: hoazn
- Cimbrian: hoazan
- Mòcheno: hoasn
- German: heißen
- Luxembourgish: heeschen (fully merged with *aiskōn)
- Yiddish: הייסן (heysn)
- Bavarian: hoazn
- Middle High German: heizen
- → Vulgar Latin: *haitō
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *subhaitō
- Old French: sohaidier
- Middle French: souhaiter
- French: souhaiter
- Middle French: souhaiter
- Old French: sohaidier
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *subhaitō
- Old English: hātan
- Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛖ (haite, 1st singular passive), ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛁᚾᚨᛉ (haitinaʀ, past participle)
- Old Norse: heita, hæita; haita
- Icelandic: heita
- Faroese: eita, heita
- Norwegian Nynorsk: heita
- Old Swedish: hēta
- Swedish: heta
- Old Danish: hetæ
- Danish: hedde, hede
- Norwegian Bokmål: hete
- Danish: hedde, hede
- Old Gutnish: haita
- Old Norse: heita, hæita; haita
- Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (haitan)