Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habukaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Probably ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“seize”), possibly through a root *kobuǵos (compare Russian ко́бец (kóbec, “falcon”), Polish kobuz, Latin capys, capus (“bird of prey”) (if not loaned from Etruscan), Albanian gabonjë).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxɑ.βu.kɑz/

Noun

*habukaz m

hawk

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *habukaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*habukaz	habukōz, habukōs
vocative	*habuk	habukōz, habukōs
accusative	*habuką	*habukanz
genitive	habukas, habukis	*habukǫ̂
dative	*habukai	*habukamaz
instrumental	*habukō	*habukamiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *habuk
- Old English: hafuc, hafoc, heafoc, heafuc
  - Middle English: hauk, hafek, havek, havk, hawk, hawke; hafvek, hævek, heavek, hevek
    - English: hawk
      - Sranan Tongo: aka
    - Scots: hawk
  - → Old Irish: sebac
    - Irish: seabhac
    - Manx: shawk
    - Scottish Gaelic: seabhag
- Old Frisian: havek, hauk
  - North Frisian: hafk, häfk
  - Saterland Frisian: Hauk
  - West Frisian: hauk
- Old Saxon: havuk, haƀuk
  - Middle Low German: hāvek, hāvik
    - German Low German: Haavke
    - Low German: Haavk, Havik, Haav, Hoovk
  - → Polabian: ofkă
- Old Dutch: *havuk, havek
  - Middle Dutch: hāvec, hāvic
    - Dutch: havik
      - Afrikaans: hawik
- Old High German: habuch
  - Middle High German: habeh, habech
    - German: Habicht
Old Norse: haukr
- Icelandic: haukur
- Faroese: heykur
- Norwegian Nynorsk: hauk
  - → Norwegian Bokmål: hauk
- Elfdalian: ok
- Westrobothnian: hauk
- Old Swedish: hø̄ker
  - Swedish: hök
- Old Danish: høk
  - Danish: høg
    - Norwegian Bokmål: høk
→ Proto-Finnic: *habukka, *habuk'as
- Estonian: haugas
- Finnish: haukka, (dialectal) havukka
- Karelian: haukka
- Veps: habuk