Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gudą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Via Verner's law from earlier *guþóm, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰutós. Possibly from earlier "[libation made to an] idol" or "spirit immanent in a burial mound".

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɣu.ðɑ̃/

Noun

*gudą n

invoked one
god, deity

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *gudą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*gudą	*gudō
vocative	*gudą	*gudō
accusative	*gudą	*gudō
genitive	gudas, gudis	*gudǫ̂
dative	*gudai	*gudamaz
instrumental	*gudō	*gudamiz

Derived terms

*gudahūsą
*gudalausaz
*gudjô
*gudinjō
*Gudagebō
*Gudastabaz
*gudawabją
*gudafurhtaz

Descendants

The word was originally neuter, but with the spread of Christianity it eventually became masculine when referring to the Christian god.

Proto-West Germanic: *god
- Old English: god
  - Middle English: god
    - Scots: god, God
    - English: god, God
    - Yola: gud, Gud
- Old Frisian: god
  - Saterland Frisian: God
  - West Frisian: god
- Old Saxon: god
  - Middle Low German: gad, god
    - Low German: Gott
    - Plautdietsch: Gott
- Old Dutch: got
  - Middle Dutch: got
    - Dutch: god, God
    - Limburgish: gód, Gód
- Old High German: got, cot
  - Middle High German: got
    - Alemannic German: Gott
    - Bavarian:
      Cimbrian: Gott
      Mòcheno: Gott
    - Central Franconian: Jott
    - German: Gott
    - Luxembourgish: Gott
    - Yiddish: גאָט‎ (got)
Old Norse: guð, ᚴᚢᚦ (kuþ), ᚷᚢᛞ (ɢuᴅ), ᚷᚢᚦ (ɢuþ)
- Icelandic: guð m, goð n
- Faroese: Gud, gudur
- Norwegian Bokmål: gud m
- Norwegian Nynorsk: gud
- Elfdalian: guð
- Old Swedish: guþ n or m
  - Swedish: gud
- Danish: gud
- Gutnish: gud, gu
Gothic: 𐌲𐌿𐌸 (guþ)