< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grōaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to become green, grow”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɡrɔː.ɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*grōaną
- to green
- (botany) to grow
Inflection
Conjugation of *grōaną (strong class 7)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *grōō | *grōaų | — | *grōai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *grōizi | *grōaiz | *grō | *grōazai | *grōaizau |
| 3rd singular | *grōidi | *grōai | *grōadau | *grōadai | *grōaidau |
| 1st dual | *grōōz | *grōaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *grōadiz | *grōaidiz | *grōadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *grōamaz | *grōaim | — | *grōandai | *grōaindau |
| 2nd plural | *grōid | *grōaid | *grōid | *grōandai | *grōaindau |
| 3rd plural | *grōandi | *grōain | *grōandau | *grōandai | *grōaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *gegrō | *gegrōį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *gegrōt | *gegrōīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *gegrō | *gegrōī | |||
| 1st dual | *gegrōū | *gegrōīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *gegrōudiz | *gegrōīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *gegrōum | *gegrōīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *gegrōud | *gegrōīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *gegrōun | *gegrōīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *grōandz | *grōanaz | |||
Usage notes
Originally, this word probably referred only to the growing of plants, not to growth in general. The more usual words for general growing were probably *wahsijaną and *aukaną.
Related terms
- *grasą
- *grōiz
- *grōniz
- *grōþiz
Descendants
- Old English: grōwan
- Middle English: growen
- Scots: grow
- English: grow
- Middle English: growen
- Old Frisian: grōwa, grōa, grōia
- North Frisian: growen, grojen
- Saterland Frisian: groie
- West Frisian: groeie
- Old Saxon: *grōian
- Middle Low German: grôjen, grôen
- German Low German: grojen
- Middle Low German: grôjen, grôen
- Old Dutch: gruoien
- Middle Dutch: groeyen
- Dutch: groeien
- Limburgish: gröjje
- Middle Dutch: groeyen
- Old High German: gruoen
- Middle High German: grüejen
- Old Norse: gróa
- Icelandic: gróa
- Faroese: gróa, grógva
- Norwegian: gro
- Old Swedish: grōa
- Swedish: gro
- Danish: gro