Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gruljaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to make a noise, rattle, mumble, murmur”).

Verb

*gruljaną

To make a sound; rumble; grumble; growl

Related terms

*graljaną
*grellaz

Descendants

Old English: gryllan
- Middle English: grullen, gruellen
  - Scots: grool
  - English: growl
Old Saxon: *grullian
- Middle Low German: grollen
  - German Low German: grullen
Old Dutch: *grullen
- Middle Dutch: grollen
  - Dutch: grollen
  - Middle French: grouller, grouiller
    - - French: grouiller
Old High German: *grullen
- Middle High German: grüllen, grollen
  - German: grollen