< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/graipōną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʰroybʰ-néh₂-ti, an o-grade iterative verb from *gʰreybʰ- (“to grab, grasp”).[1]Or possibly from *graipō (“a grasp”) + *-ōną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɣrɑi̯.pɔː.nɑ̃/
Verb
*graipōną[1]
- to grab
- to grasp
Inflection
Conjugation of *graipōną (weak class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *graipō | *graipǭ | — | *graipōi | ? |
| 2nd singular | *graipōsi | *graipōs | *graipō | *graipōsai | *graipōsau |
| 3rd singular | *graipōþi | *graipō | *graipōþau | *graipōþai | *graipōþau |
| 1st dual | *graipōs | *graipōw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *graipōþiz | *graipōþiz | *graipōþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *graipōmaz | *graipōm | — | *graipōnþai | *graipōnþau |
| 2nd plural | *graipōþ | *graipōþ | *graipōþ | *graipōnþai | *graipōnþau |
| 3rd plural | *graipōnþi | *graipōn | *graipōnþau | *graipōnþai | *graipōnþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *graipōdǭ | *graipōdēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *graipōdēz | *graipōdēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *graipōdē | *graipōdēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *graipōdēdū | *graipōdēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *graipōdēdudiz | *graipōdēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *graipōdēdum | *graipōdēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *graipōdēdud | *graipōdēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *graipōdēdun | *graipōdēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *graipōndz | *graipōdaz | |||
Related terms
- *grīpaną
- *grippōną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *graipōn
- Old English: grāpian
- Middle English: gropen
- English: grope
- Middle English: gropen
- Old High German: greifōn
- Middle High German: greifen
- Old English: grāpian
- Old Norse: greipa
- Icelandic: greipa
- Faroese: greipa
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*graipōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 186