Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gaumaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Kroonen reconstructs this word from earlier *gaugmaz (compare *draumaz), and connects it with Sanskrit गूहति (gūhati, “to hide”) (with analogical -ū-), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰewǵʰ-, *gʷʰewǵʰ-, assuming the original meaning was "to heed, guard".

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɣɑu̯.mɑz/

Noun

*gaumaz m

heed, attention

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *gaumaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*gaumaz	gaumōz, gaumōs
vocative	*gaum	gaumōz, gaumōs
accusative	*gaumą	*gaumanz
genitive	gaumas, gaumis	*gaumǫ̂
dative	*gaumai	*gaumamaz
instrumental	*gaumō	*gaumamiz

Derived terms

*gaumijaną

Related terms

*gumjaną
*gaumō

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *gaum
- Old Saxon: *gōm
  - Middle Low German: gôm, goum
    - →? Old Frisian: gōm
- Old Dutch: *gōm
  - Middle Dutch: gôom
    - Dutch: goom
- Old High German: *goum m; goum f
  - Middle High German: goum, gām m; goume f
    - German: Gaum f
Old Norse: gaumr
- Faroese: geymur, geymi
- Norwegian Nynorsk: gaum, åtgaum
- → Middle English: gome
  - English: gaum, gorm (dialectal)
  - Scots: goam
    - → English: gumption

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN