< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/garwaz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Probably from *ga- + *arwaz (“ready, fast”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɣɑr.wɑz/
Adjective
*garwaz
- ready, prepared
Inflection
Declension of *garwaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *garwaz | *garwai | *garwō | *garwôz | *garwą, -atō | *garwō |
| Accusative | *garwanǭ | *garwanz | *garwǭ | *garwōz | *garwą, -atō | *garwō |
| Genitive | *garwas, -is | *garwaizǫ̂ | *garwaizōz | *garwaizǫ̂ | *garwas, -is | *garwaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *garwammai | *garwaimaz | *garwaizōi | *garwaimaz | *garwammai | *garwaimaz |
| Instrumental | *garwanō | *garwaimiz | *garwaizō | *garwaimiz | *garwanō | *garwaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *garwô | *garwaniz | *garwǭ | *garwōniz | *garwô | *garwōnō |
| Accusative | *garwanų | *garwanunz | *garwōnų | *garwōnunz | *garwô | *garwōnō |
| Genitive | *garwiniz | *garwanǫ̂ | *garwōniz | *garwōnǫ̂ | *garwiniz | *garwanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *garwini | *garwammaz | *garwōni | *garwōmaz | *garwini | *garwammaz |
| Instrumental | *garwinē | *garwammiz | *garwōnē | *garwōmiz | *garwinē | *garwammiz |
Derived terms
- *garwijaną
- *garwį̄
- *garwiþō
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *garu
- Old English: ġearu, ġearo
- Middle English: ȝare, yare
- Scots: yare
- English: yare, yar
- Middle English: ȝare, yare
- Old Frisian: *gar, *jer
- Saterland Frisian: goar
- Old Saxon: garo, garu
- Middle Low German: gāre, gār
- German Low German: gaar
- Middle Low German: gāre, gār
- Old Dutch: garo
- Middle Dutch: gāer
- Dutch: gaar (“cooked, done”)
- Afrikaans: gaar
- Dutch: gaar (“cooked, done”)
- Middle Dutch: gāer
- Old High German: garo, karo
- Middle High German: gare, gar
- German: gar (“cooked, done”)
- Luxembourgish: guer
- Middle High German: gare, gar
- Old English: ġearu, ġearo
- Old Norse: gǫrr, gerr
- Icelandic: gjör, ger
- Old Swedish: gør, gior
- Westrobothnian: gjör, gjer, garv
- → Scots: gar, gare, gair
- → Proto-Samic:
- Northern Sami: gárvvis
- Southern Sami: gaervies
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN