Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gardô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos (“hedge, fence, enclosure”), from *gʰerdʰ-. More at *gardaz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɣɑr.dɔːː/, /ˈɣɑr.ðɔːː/

Noun

*gardô m

hedge, fence
enclosure, pen
court, yard
garden
house

Inflection

masculine an-stemDeclension of *gardô (masculine an-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*gardô	*gardaniz
vocative	*gardô	*gardaniz
accusative	*gardanų	*gardanunz
genitive	*gardiniz	*gardanǫ̂
dative	*gardini	*gardammaz
instrumental	*gardinē	*gardammiz

Related terms

*gardaz
*gardiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *gardō
- Old Frisian: garda
  - North Frisian: gard, gerd, gord
- Old Saxon: gard, gardo
  - Middle Low German: gard
    - German Low German: Garrn
      Hamburgisch: Garrn
      Westphalian:
      Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Gäurn
      Westmünsterländisch: Gaorden, Gaorn, Guorden, Guorn, Gurden
    - Plautdietsch: Goaden
- Old Dutch: gardo
  - Middle Dutch: garde
    - Dutch: gaard
    - Limburgish: gäörd
- Old High German: garto
  - Middle High German: garte
    - Alemannic German: Garte, Gaarte
    - Central Franconian:
      - Moselle Franconian: Gaade, Garde
        Hunsrik: Gaarte
        Saarland: [ˈɡɔːɐ̯tn̩][1] (Britten)
      - Ripuarian: Jaade
    - East Franconian: [ˈɡ̊ad̥n̩][2]
    - Cimbrian: gaarto, gart
    - German: Garten
    - Luxembourgish: Gaart
    - Rhine Franconian:
      - South Hessian: /ˈɡaːtə/, /ˈɡaːrə/[3]
      - Palatine German: /ˈɡaːtə/[4]
        Pennsylvania German: Gaarde
    - Yiddish: גאָרטן‎ (gortn)
Old Norse: *garði
- Icelandic: garði
- Norwegian: garde
- Danish: gårde (dialectal)
Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌰 (garda)

References

"garten". In: Besse, Maria. (2004). Britter Wörterbuch. Losheim am See: Verein für Heimatkunde in der Gemeinde Losheim am See.
Schunk, G.; Klepsch, A.; Munske, H. H.; Rädle, K.; Reichel, S. (2000). Wörterbuch von Mittelfranken. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann, page 45.
adapted from: Maurer, Friedrich, ed., (1972). Südhessisches Wörterbuch. Marburg: N. G. Elwert Verlag.
"Garten". Pfälzisches Wörterbuch.

[1] "garten". In: Besse, Maria. (2004). Britter Wörterbuch. Losheim am See: Verein für Heimatkunde in der Gemeinde Losheim am See.

[2] Schunk, G.; Klepsch, A.; Munske, H. H.; Rädle, K.; Reichel, S. (2000). Wörterbuch von Mittelfranken. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann, page 45.

[3] ted from: Maurer, Friedrich, ed., (1972). Südhessisches Wörterbuch. Marburg: N. G. Elwert Verlag.

[4] "Garten". Pfälzisches Wörterbuch.