< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gangiz
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
A verbal adjective derived from *ganganą (“to go”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɣɑŋ.ɡiz/
Adjective
*gangiz
- passable, going, able to go
Inflection
Declension of *gangiz (i-stem)
strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
nominative | *gangiz | *gangijai | *gangī | *gangijôz | *gangį, *-jatō | *gangijō |
accusative | *gangijanǭ | *gangijanz | *gangijǭ | *gangijōz | *gangį, *-jatō | *gangijō |
genitive | *gangijas, *gangīs | *gangijaizǫ̂ | *gangijaizōz | *gangijaizǫ̂ | *gangijas, *gangīs | *gangijaizǫ̂ |
dative | *gangijammai | *gangijaimaz | *gangijaizōi | *gangijaimaz | *gangijammai | *gangijaimaz |
instrumental | *gangijanō | *gangijaimiz | *gangijaizō | *gangijaimiz | *gangijanō | *gangijaimiz |
weak declension | ||||||
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
nominative | *gangijô | *gangijaniz | *gangijǭ | *gangijōniz | *gangijô | *gangijōnō |
accusative | *gangijanų | *gangijanunz | *gangijōnų | *gangijōnunz | *gangijô | *gangijōnō |
genitive | *gangīniz | *gangijanǫ̂ | *gangijōniz | *gangijōnǫ̂ | *gangīniz | *gangijanǫ̂ |
dative | *gangīni | *gangijammaz | *gangijōni | *gangijōmaz | *gangīni | *gangijammaz |
instrumental | *gangīnē | *gangijammiz | *gangijōnē | *gangijōmiz | *gangīnē | *gangijammiz |
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *gangī
- Old English: genġe
- Middle English: genge (early)
- Old Frisian: genze, ginse
- Old Saxon: *gengi
- Middle Low German: genge, ginge
- Old Dutch: *gengi
- Middle Dutch: genge
- Old High German: gengi
- Middle High German: genge
- German: gänge, gäng
- Middle High German: genge
- Old English: genġe
- Old Norse: gengr
- Icelandic: gengur
- Faroese: gongdur (remodelled from neuter gongt)
- Old Swedish: gænger
- Swedish: gäng, gänge (the latter under influence from Middle Low German)
- → Finnish: jengi
- Swedish: gäng, gänge (the latter under influence from Middle Low German)
Further reading
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN