Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gadô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (“to join, unite”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɣɑ.ðɔːː/

Noun

*gadô m

associate, partner, comrade, companion

Inflection

Declension of *gadô (an-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*gadô	*gadaniz
Vocative	*gadô	*gadaniz
Accusative	*gadanų	*gadanunz
Genitive	*gadiniz	*gadanǫ̂
Dative	*gadini	*gadammaz
Instrumental	*gadinē	*gadammiz

Derived terms

*gagadô
- Proto-West Germanic: *gagadō

Related terms

*gadaz
*gadilingaz
*gadō
*gadur
*gōdaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *gadō
- Old English: gada
  - Middle English: gade
    - English: gad
- Old Frisian: gada
  - North Frisian: gaade, gåde
  - West Frisian: geade
- Old Saxon: *gado
  - Middle Low German: gade, gāde
- Old Dutch: *gado
  - Middle Dutch: gade
    - Dutch: gade
- Old High German: *gato
  - Middle High German: gate, gat
    - German: Gatte

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*gadojan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 162/163: “*gada-”
Pokorny, Julius (1959), “ghedh-, ghodh-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 423-424

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*gadojan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 162/163: “*gada-”

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “ghedh-, ghodh-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 423-424