< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gaburjaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *ga- + *burjaną (“to raise, levy”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɣɑ.ˈbur.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*gaburjaną
- to be due; beseem
- to rise; emerge
- to occur; happen
Inflection
Conjugation of *gaburjaną (weak class 3 in -ja-)
active voice | passive voice | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
1st singular | *gaburjō | *gaburjaų | — | — | — |
2nd singular | *gaburaisi | *gaburjais | *gaburai | — | — |
3rd singular | *gaburaiþi | *gaburjai | *gaburjaþau | — | — |
1st dual | *gaburjōs | *gaburjaiw | — | — | — |
2nd dual | *gaburjaþiz | *gaburjaiþiz | *gaburjaþiz | — | — |
1st plural | *gaburjamaz | *gaburjaim | — | — | — |
2nd plural | *gaburaiþ | *gaburjaiþ | *gaburaiþ | — | — |
3rd plural | *gaburjanþi | *gaburjain | *gaburjanþau | — | — |
past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
1st singular | *gaburdǭ | *gaburdēdį̄ | |||
2nd singular | *gaburdēz | *gaburdēdīz | |||
3rd singular | *gaburdē | *gaburdēdī | |||
1st dual | *gaburdēdū | *gaburdēdīw | |||
2nd dual | *gaburdēdudiz | *gaburdēdīdiz | |||
1st plural | *gaburdēdum | *gaburdēdīm | |||
2nd plural | *gaburdēdud | *gaburdēdīd | |||
3rd plural | *gaburdēdun | *gaburdēdīn | |||
present | past | ||||
participles | *gaburjandz | *gaburdaz |
Related terms
- *burjô
- *gaburjōną
Descendants
- Old English: ġebyrian, ġebyrġian, ġebyrede
- Middle English: ȝebürien, birrde, bürde
- Scots: byrde, byrd, bird
- Middle English: ȝebürien, birrde, bürde
- Old Frisian: bera
- West Frisian: barre
- Old Saxon: giburian
- Middle Low German: geboren, gebören
- Low German: geböhren
- → Saterland Frisian: geböäre
- Middle Low German: geboren, gebören
- Frankish: *gaburjan
- Old Dutch: geburran
- Middle Dutch: gheboren, gheburen
- Dutch: gebeuren
- Middle Dutch: gheboren, gheburen
- Old Dutch: geburran
- Old High German: gaburjan, giburien, giburren, geburen
- Middle High German: gebürn
- German: gebühren
- Luxembourgish: gebiren
- Middle High German: gebürn