Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furistaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Superlative of *furai, *furi (“before”), from Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸu.ri.stɑz/

Adjective

*furistaz (adverb *furist)

first, foremost

Inflection

Declension of *furistaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*furistaz	*furistai	*furistō	*furistôz	*furistą, -atō	*furistō
Accusative	*furistanǭ	*furistanz	*furistǭ	*furistōz	*furistą, -atō	*furistō
Genitive	*furistas, -is	*furistaizǫ̂	*furistaizōz	*furistaizǫ̂	*furistas, -is	*furistaizǫ̂
Dative	*furistammai	*furistaimaz	*furistaizōi	*furistaimaz	*furistammai	*furistaimaz
Instrumental	*furistanō	*furistaimiz	*furistaizō	*furistaimiz	*furistanō	*furistaimiz

Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*furistô	*furistaniz	*furistǭ	*furistōniz	*furistô	*furistōnō
Accusative	*furistanų	*furistanunz	*furistōnų	*furistōnunz	*furistô	*furistōnō
Genitive	*furistiniz	*furistanǫ̂	*furistōniz	*furistōnǫ̂	*furistiniz	*furistanǫ̂
Dative	*furistini	*furistammaz	*furistōni	*furistōmaz	*furistini	*furistammaz
Instrumental	*furistinē	*furistammiz	*furistōnē	*furistōmiz	*furistinē	*furistammiz

Synonyms

*airistaz
*frumistaz
*frumô

Descendants

Old English: fyrst, fyrest
- Middle English: first, furst, ferst, fyrst
  - Scots: first
  - English: first
Old Frisian: *forsta
- West Frisian: foarst
Old Dutch: *furista, *fursta
- Middle Dutch: vorste
  - Dutch: vorst
Old High German: furisto
- German: Fürst
- Luxembourgish: viischt (possibly)
Old Norse: fyrstr
- Icelandic: fyrstur, fyrst
- Faroese: fyrstur, fyrst
- Norwegian: først
- Old Swedish: fyrster
  - Swedish: första, först
- Danish: først, første
- Old Gutnish: fyrst