< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fulgijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
A zero-grade present ye-stem, presumably pre-Germanic *(s)pl̥kyéti.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɸul.ɣi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*fulgijaną[2]
- (transitive, +dat) to follow
Inflection
Conjugation of *fulgijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *fulgijō | *fulgijaų | — | *fulgijai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *fulgīsi | *fulgijais | *fulgī | *fulgijasai | *fulgijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *fulgīþi | *fulgijai | *fulgijaþau | *fulgijaþai | *fulgijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *fulgijōs | *fulgijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *fulgijaþiz | *fulgijaiþiz | *fulgijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *fulgijamaz | *fulgijaim | — | *fulgijanþai | *fulgijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *fulgīþ | *fulgijaiþ | *fulgīþ | *fulgijanþai | *fulgijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *fulgijanþi | *fulgijain | *fulgijanþau | *fulgijanþai | *fulgijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *fulgidǭ | *fulgidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *fulgidēz | *fulgidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *fulgidē | *fulgidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *fulgidēdū | *fulgidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *fulgidēdudiz | *fulgidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *fulgidēdum | *fulgidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *fulgidēdud | *fulgidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *fulgidēdun | *fulgidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *fulgijandz | *fulgidaz | |||
Derived terms
- *fulgistrijǭ
Related terms
- *fulgāną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *fulgijan
- Old English: fylġan
- Middle English: filghen, filowen
- Old English: fylġan
- Old Norse: fylgja
- Icelandic: fylgja
- Faroese: fylgja
- Norwegian Nynorsk: fylgja, følgja; (dialectal) fýgje, fòlgje, fylla, -e, følle, følgj, følgji, føll
- Jamtish: fołi
- Elfdalian: fya, fyå
- Westrobothnian: fahli, fåli
- Old Swedish: fylghia
- Swedish: följa
- Old Danish: fylghæ
- Danish: følge
- Norwegian Bokmål: følge
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: følga, -e
- Norwegian Bokmål: følge
- Scanian: føğla
- Danish: følge
- Old Gutnish: fylgia
- Gutnish: fylge
References
- Jay Jasanoff, Stative and Middle in Indo-European (= Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 23), Innsbruck, 1978, page 76-77
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*fulgēn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 159: “*fulgjan-”