Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fuglaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Possibly a dissimilated variant of *fluglaz, from *fleuganą (“to fly”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸuɣ.lɑz/

Noun

*fuglaz m

bird

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *fuglaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*fuglaz	fuglōz, fuglōs
vocative	*fugl	fuglōz, fuglōs
accusative	*fuglą	*fuglanz
genitive	fuglas, fuglis	*fuglǫ̂
dative	*fuglai	*fuglamaz
instrumental	*fuglō	*fuglamiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *fugl
- Old English: fugol, fugel, fugul
  - Middle English: fowel, fowele, foul, foghel, fuȝel, foȝel, foughel, fouel, fowl
    - English: fowl
    - Scots: foul, fule
    - Yola: fowlès (plural)
- Old Frisian: fugel
  - North Frisian:
    - Föhr-Amrum: fögel
    - Hallig: fugel
    - Goesharde and Mooring: föögel
  - Saterland Frisian: Fúgel
  - West Frisian: fûgel
- Old Saxon: fugal
  - Middle Low German: vōgel
    - German Low German: Vogel, Vögel
    - Low German: Vagel, Vögel
    - Plautdietsch: Voagel
- Old Dutch: fogal
  - Middle Dutch: vōgel
    - Dutch: vogel
      - Afrikaans: voël
        → English: voël
      - Jersey Dutch: fœüxel
      - Negerhollands: vogel
      - Skepi Creole Dutch: fogul
      - →? Sranan Tongo: fowru, vol, vool
        → Saramaccan: fóu
    - Limburgish: vogel, voeagel
    - West Flemish: veugel
    - Zealandic: veugel
- Old High German: fogal, fugal
  - Middle High German: vogel
    - Alemannic German: Fogel, Vogel
    - Central Franconian: Vuggel, Vugel; Vuul
      Hunsrik: Foghel
      Kölsch: Furrel
    - Cimbrian: vóoghel, bóoghel, vogl
    - German: Vogel
    - Luxembourgish: Vugel, Vull
    - Rhine Franconian:
      Pennsylvania German: Voggel
    - Vilamovian: föguł
    - Yiddish: פֿויגל‎ (foygl)
Old Norse: fogl, fugl
- Icelandic: fugl
- Faroese: fuglur
- Norn: fugl, ful
- Norwegian Nynorsk: fugl; (dialectal) fogl, føgl, faugl
- Jamtish: fugł
- Elfdalian: fugel
- Westrobothnian: fȯgehl, fögel
- Old Swedish: fughl, foghl
  - Swedish: fågel, fogel
    - → Finnish: fogeli (Helsinki)
- Old Danish: fughl
  - Danish: fugl
    - Norwegian Bokmål: fugl
  - Scanian: fuğl
- Gutnish: fäugel
Gothic: 𐍆𐌿𐌲𐌻𐍃 (fugls)