< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frōdaz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Vṛddhi gerundive of *fraþjaną (“to understand”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɸrɔː.ðɑz/
Adjective
*frōdaz (comparative *frōdōzô, superlative *frōdōstaz)
- wise, experienced, knowledgeable
Inflection
Declension of *frōdaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *frōdaz | *frōdai | *frōdō | *frōdôz | *frōdą, -atō | *frōdō |
| Accusative | *frōdanǭ | *frōdanz | *frōdǭ | *frōdōz | *frōdą, -atō | *frōdō |
| Genitive | *frōdas, -is | *frōdaizǫ̂ | *frōdaizōz | *frōdaizǫ̂ | *frōdas, -is | *frōdaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *frōdammai | *frōdaimaz | *frōdaizōi | *frōdaimaz | *frōdammai | *frōdaimaz |
| Instrumental | *frōdanō | *frōdaimiz | *frōdaizō | *frōdaimiz | *frōdanō | *frōdaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *frōdô | *frōdaniz | *frōdǭ | *frōdōniz | *frōdô | *frōdōnō |
| Accusative | *frōdanų | *frōdanunz | *frōdōnų | *frōdōnunz | *frōdô | *frōdōnō |
| Genitive | *frōdiniz | *frōdanǫ̂ | *frōdōniz | *frōdōnǫ̂ | *frōdiniz | *frōdanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *frōdini | *frōdammaz | *frōdōni | *frōdōmaz | *frōdini | *frōdammaz |
| Instrumental | *frōdinē | *frōdammiz | *frōdōnē | *frōdōmiz | *frōdinē | *frōdammiz |
Derived terms
- *frōdijaną
- *frōdį̄
- *Frōdô
Related terms
- *fraþjaną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *frōd
- Old English: frōd
- Middle English: *frod, *frode, *frood
- English: frood
- Scots: frood
- Middle English: *frod, *frode, *frood
- Old Frisian: frōd
- North Frisian: frod
- Saterland Frisian: frod
- West Frisian: froed
- Old Saxon: frōd
- Middle Low German: vrôt
- Old Dutch: *fruod, *fruot
- Middle Dutch: vroet
- Dutch: vroed
- Afrikaans: vroed
- Dutch: vroed
- Middle Dutch: vroet
- Old High German: fruot, frōt
- Middle High German: vruot
- Alemannic German: fruetig
- Middle High German: vruot
- Old English: frōd
- Old Norse: fróðr
- Icelandic: fróður
- Faroese: fróður
- Norwegian Nynorsk: frod
- Old Swedish: frodher
- Swedish: frod
- Danish: frod
- Norwegian Bokmål: frod
- Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐍉𐌸𐍃 (frōþs)