Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frijaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *priHós (“beloved”). The original meaning was probably something like “from one's own clan”, from which a meaning “being a free man, not a serf” developed.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸri.jɑz/

Adjective

*frijaz

free

Inflection

Declension of *frijaz (a-stem)

strong declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*frijaz	*frijai	*frijō	*frijôz	friją, -atō	*frijō
accusative	*frijanǭ	*frijanz	*frijǭ	*frijōz	friją, -atō	*frijō
genitive	frijas, frīs	*frijaizǫ̂	*frijaizōz	*frijaizǫ̂	frijas, frīs	*frijaizǫ̂
dative	*frijammai	*frijaimaz	*frijaizōi	*frijaimaz	*frijammai	*frijaimaz
instrumental	*frijanō	*frijaimiz	*frijaizō	*frijaimiz	*frijanō	*frijaimiz

weak declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*frijô	*frijaniz	*frijǭ	*frijōniz	*frijô	*frijōnō
accusative	*frijanų	*frijanunz	*frijōnų	*frijōnunz	*frijô	*frijōnō
genitive	*frīniz	*frijanǫ̂	*frijōniz	*frijōnǫ̂	*frīniz	*frijanǫ̂
dative	*frīni	*frijammaz	*frijōni	*frijōmaz	*frīni	*frijammaz
instrumental	*frīnē	*frijammiz	*frijōnē	*frijōmiz	*frīnē	*frijammiz

Derived terms

*frį̄
*frijadōmaz
*frijahalsaz

Related terms

*frijaþwō
*frijōną
*frijōndiskapiz
*frijōndz
*friþuz

Descendants

Old English: frēo
- Middle English: freo, fre
  - Scots: fre
  - English: free
    - Fiji Hindi: firii
Old Frisian: frī
- Saterland Frisian: fräi
- West Frisian: frij
Old Saxon: frī
- Middle Low German: vri, vrig
  - Low German: fri, free, frigg
  - Faroese: fríur
  - Norwegian: fri
  - Swedish: fri
  - Danish: fri
Old Dutch: frī
- Middle Dutch: vri
  - Dutch: vrij
Old High German: frī
- Middle High German: vrī
  - German: frei
  - Luxembourgish: fräi
  - Vilamovian: frȧj
Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 (freis)